AUSTJRALASIA. 



than 640 acres in the eastern, and for a maximum 

 of 2,500 acres in the central division; or in the 

 Central division 1,280 acres may be taken as a 

 homestead selection, or 10,240 acres of grazing 

 land as a settlement lease on payment of annual 

 rent and on condition of continuous residence, 

 without which condition the price is 2 an acre 

 for the maximum of 320 acres. Special areas may 

 be reserved by the Government in any one of the 

 three divisions, to be sold for a minimum price of 

 1 10s. for the maximum of 320 acres in the 

 eastern division, and 640 acres in the central and 

 western divisions; and town and suburban lots 

 may be sold at auction \vith an upset price of 8 

 for the former .and 2 10s. for the latter. In the 

 western division the Government may lease land 

 for pastoral purposes under various forms and 

 conditions. The production of wheat in New 

 South Wales in 1900 was 13,604,166 bushels; of 

 corn, 5,976,022 bushels; of tobacco, 6,641 hun- 

 dredweight; of sugar-cane, 170,509 tons; of 

 wine, 739,668 gallons; of brandy, 9,624 gallons; 

 of oranges and other fruit, 3,652 tons. There 

 were 36,213,514 sheep, 1,967,081 cattle, 482,200 

 horses, and 239,973 pigs on Jan. 1, 1900. The 

 Government timber reserves have an area of 

 5,946,355 acres. The quantity of timber sawn 

 in 1897 was 175,168,000 square feet. The pro- 

 duction of gold in 1899 was 496,196 ounces, 

 value 1,751,815, making a total of 47,546,013 

 since the opening of the first mines in 1851. The 

 quantity of native silver obtained in 1899 was 

 692,036 ounces, value 76,913; of silver-lead ore 

 and metal, 444,627 tons, value 1,993,744; the 

 value of copper, 395,451. From its discovery in 

 1858 there was 5,019,480 worth of copper pro- 

 duced, and since tin was found in 1872 the pro- 

 duction of this metal had a value of 6,382,538. 

 The number of persons employed in 1899 in smelt- 

 ing silver, tin, and copper ores in 42 furnaces 

 was 46,159, and in manufactures 55,646 were em- 

 ployed. The coal raised in 1899 was 4,597,028 

 tons, of the value of 1,325,799. 



The exports of home produce from New South 

 Wales in 1899 were 19,221,854, and of foreign 

 produce 9,223,612. The quantity of wool ex- 

 ported was 240,019,494 pounds, valued at 11,- 

 738,607. The value of tallow exported was 510,- 

 861; of hides and skins, 1,035,905; of leather, 

 439,429; of preserved and frozen meat, 588,- 

 935; of coal, 1,005,794; of gold coin, 3,489,286. 

 The imports from other Australasian colonies 

 in 1899 were 12,113,402; from Great Brit- 

 ain, 8,211,351; from other British possessions, 

 929,780; from the United States, 2,219,319; 

 from other countries, 2,120,463; exports to Aus- 

 tralasian colonies, 9,524,267; to Great Britain, 

 8,992,480; to other British possessions, 1,451,- 

 671; to the United States, 2,392,281; to other 

 countries, 6,084,767. The overland imports were 

 3,464,320, and overland exports 4,961,495 in 

 value. The mineral resources of New South Wales 

 include coal, of which 5,507,497 tons were raised 

 in 1900. Coal is exported to the other colonies, 

 and was to Asia before the development of the 

 Indian and Japanese mines. 



The area under crops in Victoria in 1900 was 

 3,820,000 acres, producing 15,238,000 bushels of 

 wheat, 6,116,000 bushels of oats, and 1,466,000 

 bushels of barley. There were 854,500 ounces of 

 gold raised in 1899, valued at 3,418,000, the total 

 value previously obtained since 1851 having been 

 250,738,820. There were 30,640 miners employed 

 in the gold-fields and 60,070 operatives in the fac- 

 tories. The value of wool imported in 1899 was 

 2,351,059; of woolen manufactures, 609,689; 

 of cotton manufactures, 985,931; of sugar and 

 VOL. XLI. 4 A 



molasses, 683,711; of live stock, 787,216; of 

 iron and steel, 84,5,509; of timber, 441,298; of 

 tea, 335,942; of hides and skins, 335,889; of 

 silk manufactures, 334,637; of coal, 270,137; 

 of oils, 245,152; of all other articles, 9,739,714. 

 The exports of gold were 4,380,719; of wool, 

 5,701,410; of grain and flour, 1,043,403; of but- 

 ter, 1,404,830; of frozen meat, 308,202; of hides 

 and skins, 505,107; of leather and harness, 

 331,157; of live animals, 352,137; of sugar and 

 molasses, 154,970; of clothing, 149,800; of tal- 

 low, 141,334; of reexport of tea, 100,939; all 

 other exports, 3,207,002. Of the total imports 

 of Victoria in 1899 the United Kingdom furnished 

 the value of 5,990,027; Australasian colonies, 

 8,440,458; India, 340,435; Ceylon, 159,728; 

 Canada, 19,378; other British possessions, 

 210,314; the United States, 883,472; Germany, 

 578,298; France, 199,849; Belgium, 122,230; 

 Sweden and Norway, 107,833; Java and the 

 Philippine Islands, 59,116; China, 56,844; all 

 other countries, 159,646. Of the total exports 

 the United Kingdom received 51,648,150; Aus- 

 tralasian colonies, 5,209,300; India, 2,459,506; 

 Ceylon, 109,298; Canada, 45; other British 

 possessions, 1,431,166; France, 1,482,637; Ger- 

 many, 767,537; Belgium, 612,569; the United 

 States 235,021; Java and the Philippine Islands, 

 14,315; China, 481; other foreign countries, 

 597,764. The quantity of wool exported in 1899 

 was 121,877,604 pounds, nearly half of which 

 came from other colonies. Victoria contains large 

 lignite and coal deposits which have begun to be 

 available recently through the extension of the 

 railroads. The output of 250,000 tons in 1900 

 can be increased to any extent. The kinds of Aus- 

 tralian coal discovered down to the present have 

 not been of high quality., but in 1901 the Gov- 

 ernment geologist of Queensland reported the dis- 

 covery of enormous beds of anthracite that are 

 equal to the best quality of steam coal found any- 

 where. Of the imports into Queensland in 1899 

 the value of 2,905,437 came from Great Britain, 

 2,997,883 from Australasian colonies, 198,880 

 from other British possessions, 332,340 from the 

 United States, and 329,551 from other coun- 

 tries. Of the exports 4,272,952 went to Great 

 Britain, 7,027,307 to Australasian colonies, 

 222,301 to other British possessions, and 420,- 

 238 to foreign countries. The export of gold was 

 2,013,511 in value; of copper, 22.551; of silver, 

 46,552; of wool, 3,390,779; of sugar, 1,163,- 

 010; of hides and skins, 700,303; of tin, 80,959; 

 of frozen meat, 851,635; of salted and pre- 

 served meat, 427,108; of meat extract, 215,- 

 209; of tallow, 468,829; of green fruit, 93,291; 

 of pearl shells, 137,873. The imports of woven 

 goods and clothing were 1,549,251 in value; of 

 metal goods and metals, 956,916. 



In South Australia less than 1 per cent, of the 

 land has been sold by the Government, but 11 

 per cent, has been leased to 538 tenants for pas- 

 toral purposes. The cultivated area in 1900 was 

 3,081,846 acres, of which 1,821,137 acres were un- 

 der wheat and 34,915 acres were in orchards and 

 vineyards. The yield of wheat in 1899 was 

 8,453,135 bushels; of wine, 1,080,772 gallons, 504,- 

 065 of which were exported. The number of horses 

 in 1899 was 168,695; of cattle, 275,794; of sheep, 

 5,667,283. The value of mineral products exported 

 was 453,020. The export of copper ore was 24,- 

 682; of copper, 406,208; of wool, 1,511.693; of 

 wheat, 422,439; of wheat flour, 338,820. Of 

 the total imports 2,040,430 came from Great 

 Britain, 3,839,330 from Australian colonies, 

 217,055 from other British possessions, 364,- 

 801 from the United States, and 422,742 from 



