AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 



01 



crowns for ordinary and 14,969,100 crowns for ex- 

 traordinary requirements, making a total of 

 43,710,820 crowns; expenditure of the Ministry of 

 Finance, 1,020,609 crowns for central administra- 

 tion and the various departments, 2,640,000 

 crowns for military pensions, and 11,400 crowns 

 for extraordinary expenses, making a total of 

 4,272,009 crowns; for the Board of Control, 

 314,022 crowns. The receipts of the administra- 

 tions were estimated at 5,819,705 crowns, leav- 

 ing 357,034,706 crowns to be covered by the net 

 receipts of customs and the matricular contribu- 

 tions of the two monarchies, assessed under the 

 new Ausgleich arranged in November, 1899, in 

 the proportion of 65.6 per cent, to Austria and 

 34.4 per cent, to Hungary. The extraordinary ex- 

 penses of the troops occupying Bosnia and Herze- 

 govina were estimated at 7,382,000 crowns, paid 

 by the two monarchies in the same proportion, 

 except 80,000 crowns collected by the military ad- 

 ministration. 



The common debt, incurred before 1868, 

 amounts to 2,719,494,879 florins, the expenses of 

 which, for interest and amortization, are 126,047,- 

 658 florins, of which Austria pays 95,737,055 

 florins and Hungary 30,310,603 florins. The 

 paper money guaranteed by both monarchies 

 jointly was 112,000,000 florins in amount on June 

 30, 1900, and 12,142,900 florins were Austrian 

 notes. Besides this paper money there was a float- 

 ing debt of 36,846,230 florins. 



The currency of the dual monarchy was al- 

 tered by the law of Aug. 2, 1892, establishing the 

 gold basis. Instead of the florin a monetary unit 

 of half its value was adopted, the crown, equal 

 to 20.3 cents in United States currency. Besides 

 aucats, which have the value of 9 crowns 60 

 heller, 20-crown and 10-crown pieces have been 

 coined in gold; single crowns in silver, containing 

 4.175 grammes of fine metal; 20-heller and 10-hel- 

 ler pieces in nickel, 100 hellers making a crown; 

 and 2-heller pieces and single hellers in bronze. 

 The silver gulden or florins continue to be legal 

 tender for any sum, but the silver crowns, al- 

 though accepted by the Government for taxes up 

 to any amount, are legal tender only to the 

 amount of 50 crowns. Notes of the Austro-Hun- 

 garian Bank are legal tender. The bank has a 

 capital of 90,000,000 florins, and in 1898 had a re- 

 serve fund of 32,535,000 florins and 737,476,000 

 florins of notes in circulation, while the assets con- 

 sisted principally of 49Q,089,000 florins cash, 75,- 

 563,000 florins loaned to the Government, 258,- 

 483,000 florins of commercial loans, and 139,552,- 



000 florins loaned on real estate. 



The Army. Military service is obligatory 

 from the age of twenty-one for three years in the 

 line, seven years in the reserve, and two years ad- 

 ditional in the Landwehr of Austria or in the 

 Honved of Hungary. Those not drawn for the 

 active army are enrolled in the supplementary re- 

 serve for twelve years. The peace strength of 

 the Austro-Hungarian army in 1900 was 3,597 

 officers and 9,889 men in the staffs, 1,697 officers 

 and 7,153 men in military establishments, 9,428 

 officers and 161,602 men in 102 regiments and 102 

 cadres of infantry, 1,019 officers and 16,536 men 

 in 4 regiments of Tyrolese jagers and cadres and 

 26 battalions of ordinary jagers, 1,890 officers and 

 45,906 men in 42 regiments of cavalry, 1,647 offi- 

 cers and 25,586 men in 56 regiments and 56 cadres 

 of field artillery and 1 division of 3 batteries and 



1 cadre of mountain artillery, 422 officers and 

 7.786 men in 6 regiments and 3 battalions of for- 

 tress artillery, 495 officers and 8,445 men in 15 

 battalions of'pioneers, 89 officers and 1,490 men in 

 1 regiment and cadre of railroad and telegraph 



troops, 79 officers and 2,964 men in the sanitary 

 corps, 417 officers and 3,30!) men in 3 regiments 

 and 22 cadres of train, 2,415 officers and 22,949 

 men in 32 regiments ot Austrian Landwehr in- 

 fantry, 246 officers and 2,119 men in G regiments 

 and 3 squadrons of Austrian Landwehr cavalry, 

 2,587 -officers arid 22,312 men in 28 regiments of 

 Hungarian Landwehr infantry, and 42(5 officers 

 and 4,346 men in 10 regiments of Hungarian 

 Landwehr cavalry; total peace effectives, 21,160 

 officers and 325,350 men, with 62,824 horses and 

 1,048 field pieces. The infantry weapon is the 

 Mannlicher rifle of 8 millimeters caliber, carrying 

 5 cartridges in the magazine. The cavalry are 

 armed with sabers and repeating carbines. The 

 field guns are of tempered bronze, having a smooth 

 breech block, the bore being 9 centimeters, and 

 that of the mountain guns 7 centimeters. 



The Navy. The Austro-Hungarian navy in 

 1900 consisted of five armored turret ships built 

 between 1887 and 1897, the Kronprinz Rudolf, 

 Wien, Monarch, Budapest, and Kronprinzessin 

 Stephanie; six armored battle-ships with case- 

 mated batteries built before 1878, Tegetthoff, 

 Custoza, Erzherzog Albrecht, Don Juan d'Austria, 

 Kaiser Max, and Prinz Eugen; four ram cruisers 

 built between 1889 and 1899, Kaiser Karl VI, 

 Kaiserin und Konigin Maria Theresa, Kaiserin 

 Elisabeth, and Kaiser Josef I; 9 torpedo-vessels 

 built between 1879 and 1897 and 7 of smaller size 

 built between 1887 and 1897; 6 seagoing torpedo- 

 boats; and 24 first-class, 31 second-class, and 7 

 third-class torpedo-boats. The navy was manned 

 by 737 officers, 513 mechanicians and employees, 

 and 7,500 sailors. The Habsburg, of 8,300 tons, 

 launched in 1900, and .two sister ships since be- 

 gun, are improvements on the Monarch, Wien, and 

 Budapest, which displace only 5,600 tons, but are 

 well protected with Harvey armor and armed with 

 4 9.4-inch guns mounted in couples in fore and 

 aft turrets, with a powerful quick-firing arma- 

 ment. The larger vessels will carry 2 such guns 

 in the forward turret and only 1 aft, but will have 

 12 6-inch quick-firing guns in casements of Krupp 

 armor. A sister ship to the armored cruiser- 

 Kaiser Karl VI, of 6,100 tons, has also been begun. 

 The belt is 10J inches thick, and the armament is 

 2 9.4-inch guns, 8 5.9-inch quick-firers, and 18 

 smaller ones. 



Bosnia and Herzegovina. The treaty of 

 Berlin, signed July 13, 1878, placed Bosnia and 

 Herzegovina, Christian provinces of Turkey, 

 under the military and civil administration of 

 Austria-Hungary and gave the right of military 

 occupation over the sanjak of Novi-Bazar, the 

 civil administration of which was reserved to the 

 Porte. The civil population of the occupied prov- 

 inces in 1895 was 1,568,092, and the military 

 population 22,944; total, 1,591,036. Their area is 

 19,700 square miles. The foreign population was 

 70,848, of whom 66,376 were of Austro-Hungarian 

 nationality. The budget for 1900 makes the cost 

 of central administration 3,650,424 crowns ; of the 

 interior, 17,034,934 crowns; of finance, 12,750,780 

 crowns; of justice, 1,715,140 crowns; of buildings, 

 6,375,090 crowns; total, 41,526,368 crowns. There 

 are 545 miles of railroad and 5,290 miles of tele- 

 graph. The number' of messages in 1899 was 

 402,263, of which 153,091 were internal, 234,405 

 international, and 14,767 official. The post-office 

 forwarded 9,457,505 letters and postal cards and 

 2,582,227 circulars and newspapers. The young 

 men of the occupied provinces are obliged to serve 

 in the Austro-Hungarian army by virtue of the 

 law of Oct. 24, 1881. Four regiments of infantry 

 and 4 sections of engineers are raised, number- 

 ing 6,711 men. The provinces are garrisoned by 



