92 



BULGARIA. 



at Vancouver and New Westminster in turn. 

 Tliev examined representatives from every inter- 

 cst and business and profession, and held a large 

 number of meetings. The investigation was thor- 

 ough, the questions most elaborate, and the re- 

 sults interesting. Dealing with the question of 

 employing Oriental miners, one witness said that 

 in Cumberland 2(>1 Chinese and 77 Japanese were 

 employed underground, and 102 of the former and 

 25 of 'the latter overground. Another witness 

 said that in Victoria there were 388 Chinese mer- 

 chants, 530 Chinese servants or cooks, 886 em- 

 ployed in salmon canneries, 197 laundrymen, 198 

 market gardeners, etc. He gave the total business 

 of Chinese firms in the city as $1,059,805 for the 

 year ending Feb. 17, 1901 ; $107,594 was spent for 

 imports from China, and $404,309 on goods pur- 

 chased in Canada, England, and the United States. 

 They had $573,500 invested in city business, and 

 $290,000 in real estate. The Victoria Outlook 

 gave the other side when it reckoned the total an- 

 nual loss to the workingmen of Victoria from 

 Chinese competition at $616,200. Col. Prior, M. P. 

 for Victoria, urged the Government to do some- 

 tiling effective in restricting this immigration, and 

 congratulated them and the country upon the 

 action of the Japanese Emperor in commanding 

 his subjects to cease migrating to Canada. 



The * Mint. The Dominion Government's 

 action in establishing a branch of the Royal Mint 

 at Ottawa and an assay office in Vancouver was 

 warmly approved by the province, which had so 

 long urged this policy. Mr. Dunsmuir, early in 

 the year, had pressed for it, and declared that 

 Seattle was built up very largely by Canadian 

 gold from British Columbia and the Klondike, 

 which had been taken there for assay, the result 

 being a large purchase of supplies and free ex- 

 penditure of money by the miners. Gold at the 

 Seattle assay office was handled at the same price 

 as at the mint in Washington, while at Victoria 

 or Vancouver it could only be taken plus the cost 

 of expressage, insurance, and other charges. At 

 Ottawa on Feb. 16 Messrs. F. Buscombe and A. 

 O. Campbell presented a memorial to the Govern- 

 ment from which it was seen that out of $20,- 

 166,687 worth of gold received at the Seattle 

 assay office, from Jan. 1 to Oct. 24, 1900, $16,- 

 374,488 was from the Canadian Yukon district, 

 and $493,116 from Atlin, British Columbia. On 

 July 24, 1901, the Vancouver assay office was 

 opened, with Dr. Haanel as superintendent. 



BULGABIA, a principality in eastern Europe 

 under the suzerainty of Turkey, created an 

 autonomous tributary principality by the treaty 

 signed by the representatives of the great powers 

 at Berlin on July 13, 1878. Eastern Roumelia, 

 which was created at the same time an autono- 

 mous province of Turkey, in 1885 proclaimed its 

 union with Bulgaria, expelled the Christian gov- 

 ernor appointed by the Sultan, and has since been 

 administered as a part of the principality, the 

 Prince of Bulgaria holding the title of Governor- 

 General by appointment of the Sultan. The legis- 

 lative body in Bulgaria is a single chamber called 

 the Sobranje, containing 157 members, 1 to 20,000 

 of population, elected for five years by universal 

 manhood suffrage. 



The reigning Prince is Ferdinand, Duke of 

 Saxony, born Feb. 26, 1861, the youngest son of 

 Prince August of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and of Prin- 

 cess Clementine, daughter of Louis Philippe, for- 

 mer King of the French. The heir apparent is 

 Prince Boris, born Jan. 30, 1894. The Cabinet in 

 was composed as follows: President of the 

 Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs and 

 Worship, T. Ivantchoff ; Minister of the Interior, 



Dr. V. Radoslavoff; Minister of Public Instruc- 

 tion, Dr. Vatchoff; Minister of Finance, M. 

 Teneff; Minister of Justice, P. Pesheff; Minister 

 of War, Col. S. Paprikoff; Minister of Public 

 Works, T. Tontcheff. The Cabinet was consti- 

 tuted on Oct. 13, 1899. 



Area and Population. The area of the prin- 

 cipality proper is 24,380 square miles, and that of 

 Eastern Roumelia 13,700 square miles. The popu- 

 lation of the principality in 1893 was 2,312,282, 

 and that of Eastern Roumelia, 998,431; total, 

 3,310,713, of whom 2,505,326 were Bulgars, 569,- 

 728 Turks, 62,628 Roumanians, 58,518 Greeks, 

 52,132 Gipsies, 27,531 Jews, 3,620 Germans, 928 

 Russians, and 30,302 of other nationalities. The 

 number of marriages in 1898 was 28,232; of births, 

 141,046; of deaths, 82,725; excess of births, 58,321. 



Finances. The budget for 1900 makes the 

 total revenue 83,827,863 lei, of which 35,294,900 

 lei are derived from direct taxes, 29,401,000 lei 

 from customs, 915,000 lei from fines, 5,676,247 lei 

 from fees, 4,486,916 lei from rents and interest, 

 5,578,000 lei from transportation, and 1,975,800 

 lei from other sources. The expenditures were 

 estimated at 83,270,370 lei, of which 1,250,380 lei 

 were for the executive, 24,646,849 lei for the ex- 

 penses of the public debt, 127,180 lei for the Board 

 of Audit, 3,898,439 lei for the Finance Department, 

 7,238,880 lei for the interior, 3,838,354 lei for 

 foreign affairs, 8,114,526 lei for public instruction, 

 4,289,584 lei for justice, 20,773,432 lei for the army, 

 3,229,570 lei for commerce and agriculture, and 

 5,863,176 lei for public works. 



The public debt in 1899 was 290,000,000 lei, 

 bearing 5 per cent, interest. A loan of 25,000,000 

 lei at 6 per cent, was obtained in 1900 on the se- 

 curity of the tobacco tax. 



Commerce and Production. The total value 

 of imports in 1899 was 60,178,000 lei, and of ex- 

 ports, 53,467,000 lei. The imports of textiles were 

 20,676,000 lei in value; of metals and metal manu- 

 factures, 5,455.000 lei; of machinery and tools, 

 5,329,000 lei; of colonial goods, 4,-702,000 lei; of 

 mineral oils and gums, 2,697,000 lei; of hides and 

 leather, 2,849,000 lei; of wood and wood manu- 

 factures, 2,677,000 lei; of glass and minerals, 

 2,162,000 lei; of drugs, chemicals, and colors, 2,050,- 

 000 lei; of paper and paper materials, 1,547,000 

 lei; of spirits, 1,092,000 lei; of animal food prod- 

 ucts, 839,000 lei; of cereals, 670,000 lei; of ani- 

 mals, 321,000 lei; of perfumery, 120,000 lei; of all 

 other merchandise, 6,992,000 lei. The exports of 

 cereals were 32,801,000 lei; of animals, 4,764,000 

 lei; of textiles and textile materials, 4,075,000 lei; 

 of animal food products, 3,458,000 lei; of hides, 

 skins, and leather, 3,184,000 lei; of perfumery, 

 2,663,000 lei; of wood and wood manufactures, 

 690,000 lei; of metals and metal goods, 592,000 

 lei; of gums and mineral oils, 285,000 lei; of 

 spirits, 84,000 lei ; of drugs, colors, and chemicals, 

 82,000 lei; of tools and machines, 80,000 lei; of 

 colonial goods, 69,000 lei; of glass and minerals^ 

 31,000 lei; of paper and paper materials, 21,000 lei. 

 The imports from and exports to various countries 

 in 1899 were valued in lei, 'or francs, as follow: 



