98 



CANADA, DOMINION OF. 



tiiriti' I differ.'" Mr. Borden moved a vote of 

 want 'of confidence on May 23; and reviewed the 

 whole financial position in his speech. His mo- 

 tion was defeated by 100 to 51 votes. 



Trade and Commerce. Mr. Fielding's budget 

 speech, on March 14. contained important figures 

 relating to the expansion of trade and commerce 

 in the "Dominion. The aggregate external trade 

 of Canada in 1899 was $321,661,213, and in 1900 

 it was $381,571.236. The imports for consumption 

 had risen from $154,051,593 to $180,804,316. The 

 exports of Canadian produce had increased from 

 $138.4(12,037 to $170.642.369. The exports of Ca- 

 nadian produce to Great Britain rose from $85,- 

 114.55.1 to $1X5.562.875, and to the United States 

 from $40.462.856 to $59,666,556. The exports from 

 Canadian mines to all countries rose from $13,- 

 :tiiS.150 to $24.580.266; from Canadian Fisheries, 

 $9.909.662 to $11,169,083; from Canadian forests, 

 $28.021.529 to $28,663,668; of agricultural prod- 

 ucts $4(5.743.130 to $56,148,807; of Canadian 

 manufactures, $11,706,707 to $14,224,287. The 

 condition of the imports from Great Britain was 

 hhown by the figures of the five years during 

 which he had held office: $32,979,742 in 1896; 

 $29.412,188 in 1897; $32,500,917 in 1898; $37,060,- 

 123 in 1899: $44,749,730 in 1900. The total trade 

 of Canada had increased from $148,387,329 in 

 1869-70 to $224,420,485 in 1894-'95, and to $381,- 

 517.236 in 1899-1900. 



Speaking on the succeeding day, Mr. C. S. Hy- 

 man compared the trade of Canada under Con- 

 servative and Liberal rule. " During the seventeen 

 years of Conservative rule there was an increase 

 of $52.015,000. or about $3,000,000 per annum, 

 while during the five years of Liberal rule it in- 

 creased by $157,097,000, or somewhat in excess of 

 $31.000.000 per annum. Mr. E. D. Smith took up 

 this point and argued that if the Government 

 were responsible for the increases in trade they 

 were also responsible for the decrease. In 1898 

 the export of wheat had been $17,313,916 in value, 

 and in 1899 $10,000,000 less. In 1898 the export 

 of flour was $5,425,760, and in 1900 $2,791,885. 

 He quoted similarly other figures, and the total 

 value for agricultural products showed a decrease 

 from $75,000,000 in 1898 to $68,000,000 in 1899. 

 1 hey had risen since then, but his point of respon- 

 sibility was, he contended, still good. The Minis- 

 ter of Customs, in comparing the commerce of 

 Canada with that of the United States, on March 

 26, said the domestic exports of the United States 

 in the fiscal year 1900, exclusive of coin and bul- 

 lion, increased 14 per cent., and those of Canada 

 23 per cent. The grand aggregate trade of the 

 republic increased 13 per cent.; that of Canada 

 19 |>er cent. On the basis of a population of 76,- 

 000.000 the foreign trade of the United States was 



12 per head in 1900, and that of Canada, on a 

 basis of (5.000.000 population, was $63 per head. 

 The aggregate trade of the United States in- 

 creased 28 per cent, between 1896 and 1900; that 

 of Canada (50 per cent. 



The official reports for the year ending June 30, 

 1901. showed a total export trade of $195 641 838 

 of which $40,143,828 was the product of the 

 mines; $10.730,999 the product of the fisheries; 



1,271,619 the product of the forest; $57,703,265, 

 animals and their produce; $38.594226 agricul- 

 tural products: $17,845.935. manufactures; and 

 351,966 miscellaneous. Of the imports, $181,237,- 

 KS8 were entered for consumption. Of this 

 amount $105,969,756 were dutiable and $75.268 232 

 non-dutiable. From Great Britain $43164297 

 were imported, and from the United States $110 - 



Agriculture and Live Stock. In reply to an 

 inquiry, the Minister of Customs stated in the 

 House of Commons, on March 11, that the total 

 export of Canadian cattle to Great Britain in 

 1894-1900 was 735,204 in number, at a value of 

 $48,471,963, and an average price per head of 

 $65.93. To the United States in the same period 

 the number was 233,660, the value $3,718,435, and 

 the average price $15.91. The average price to 

 Great Britain had decreased from $78.43 to $66.12, 

 and to the United States it had increased from 

 $14.34 to $17.98. Figures were given of the export 

 of other annual products to Great Britain and the- 

 relative values in 1898-1900 as follow: Butter 

 increased in quantity from 10,000,823 pounds to 

 24,317,436 pounds, and in value from $1,915,550 to 

 $4,947,000; cheese decreased in quantity from 

 196,220,771 pounds to 185,627,757 pounds, and in- 

 creased in value from $17,522,681 to $19,812,670; 

 bacon and hams in quantity from 85,208,562 

 pounds to 134,949,129 pounds, and in value from 

 $8,029,482 to $12,749,175; eggs decreased in num- 

 ber from 10,280,466 dozen to 10,109,383 dozen, and 

 increased in value from $1,244,051 to $1,447,030. 



On March 28 Mr. Henderson referred to the 

 great expansion in production of hogs during re- 

 cent years, and, incidentally, of the value of pro- 

 tection in bringing about this result. In 1889 the 

 farmers were unable to hold their home market 

 against American competition, and the duty was 

 increased upon hogs, mess pork, fresh pork, bacon 

 and hams. In 1890 36,000,000 pounds of hog 

 product were imported from the United States. 

 In 1900 only 12,000,000 pounds were imported. In 

 1889 only 4,000,000 pounds of hams and bacon 

 were exported; in 1900 there was an export of 135,- 

 000,000 pounds. The home market had been pre- 

 served, and the British market cultivated. 



Militia. In reply to an inquiry on April 3, 

 the Minister of Militia and Defense said there were 

 43 battalions of active militia in Ontario, 30 in 

 Quebec, 9 in Nova Scotia, 6 in New Brunswick, 

 2 in Manitoba, 3 in British Columbia, and 2 in 

 Prince Edward Island. Of these troops, 2,298 were 

 cavalry, 3,843 artillery, 328 engineers, 29,476 in- 

 fantry; 140 belonged to army service corps, 344 

 to the bearer companies, and 192 to field hospitals. 

 Sixty-nine corps were armed with Lee-Enfield 

 rifles and carbines, and the remainder with Snider 

 rifles. In camps all troops used the former. There 

 were at the time of speaking 6,164,828 rounds of 

 ammunition at the headquarters of battalions in 

 Ontario; 4,443,826 in Quebec; 232,850 in Nova 

 Scotia; 318.517 in New Brunswick; 195,540 in 

 Prince Edward Island; 181,615 in Manitoba; 479,- 

 833 in British Columbia. There were 90 field-guns 

 attached to the various cavalry battalions. 

 There was only one arsenal that at Quebec. 



Later in the session Dr. Borden introduced and 

 carried a measure granting pensions to the offi- 

 cers, non-commissioned officers and men of the 

 permanent corps upon completion of twenty years' 

 service. Widows and children of officers who had 

 served twenty years and were at the time of death 

 on full pay or in receipt of pensions, were to bo 

 entitled to receive pensions. Officers, however, 

 were to have their pay reduced by 5 per cent, as a 

 sort of pension sinking-fund. 



The Strathcona Horse returned from South 

 Africa during the year, and were presented with 

 colors by the King in person at Buckingham 

 Palace, London. Various imperial honors were 

 conferred upon Canadian officers who had served 

 during the war. 



The Royal Tour. During a great part of the 

 year Canada was stirred with anticipation and 

 preparation for the state visit of the Duke and 



