CHINA. 



;,ri,iM.:ul. An edict suspended for five years 

 i .\iiiiiiiiaticii- in cities where foreigners 

 I ,.; t , t -i jiiurdcn-d or maltreated. 



! :, final draft \\a> completed and agreed on 

 i.v a!! the niini-tri- on Aug. 1(5, and Chinese eom- 

 iiii ionei- >igncd this protocol on Sept. 7. It con- 

 >i-ied of 12 articles. 'Hie lirst recited that Prince 

 Chun had been appointed on June i) special am- 

 Im-oador to proceed to Germany to express the re- 

 Mets of the Chinese Government for the mur- 

 der of Uaron von Ketteler. and had nailed on July 

 1-2- and that China had undertaken to erect a 

 memorial arch spanning the street at the place 

 uh.-re the nun der occurred, and had begun the 

 \vurk on June 2.~>. The second article recited that 

 hy tlie edicts of Feb. 13 and 21 Prince Tuan and 

 I hike I .a n were exiled to Turkestan and con- 

 de-nmd to perpetual imprisonment; Chuang, Ying- 

 Xien. aind Chao-Shu-Chiao ordered to commit 

 Miicide: Vu-Hsien, Chi-Hsiu, and Hsu-Cheng- Yu 

 condemned to execution; Yang-Yi, Hsu-Tung, 

 and l.i Ping Ileng to posthumous degradation; 

 \\hilc ll>ii-Vuiig-Yi. Li-Shan, Lien-Yuan, Yuan- 

 Chang, and Hsu-Ching-Cheng were rewarded with 

 po>t humous honors. By other edicts Tung-Fuh- 

 Siang was cashiered and punishment was in- 

 tlictcd on provincial oflicials, and it was stated 

 that Chuang committed suicide on Feb. 21, Ying- 

 X ifii and Chao-Shu-Chiao on Feb. 24, and Yu- 

 II Mm was executed on Feb. 22, and Chi-Hsiu 

 and II si-Cheng- Yu on Feb. 20; and that an 

 edict suspended examinations for five years in 

 places where antiforeign crimes had been com- 

 mitted. In the third article it was stated that by 

 way of honorable reparation for the murder of 

 Sujiyama an edict of June 18 had appointed Na- 

 Tung s|KH-ial envoy to convey the regrets of the 

 Chinese Government to Japan. The fourth article 

 stated that China had already paid the cost of 

 expiatory monuments in foreign cemeteries that 

 had l>een desecrated. The fifth article stated that 

 an edict had been promulgated forbidding imports 

 of arms and materials used in their manufac- 

 ture for two years, the time to be extended, if 

 necessary. In the sixth article China's obliga- 

 tion to pay the indemnity was acknowledged, the 

 edict accepting 4oO,00(),000 taels as the amount 

 having been issued on May 29, the payments to 

 be made in gold at the rate of 3s. to the tael, 

 payable half-yearly, the debt to be extinguished 

 in thirty-nine years according to the plan of amor- 

 tization, the balance of the maritime customs, 

 rai-ed to an effective 5-per-cent. and including 

 articles previously on the free list excepting rice, 

 t*reals. flour, and precious metals, being assigned 

 as security, also native customs administered in 

 open ports by the Imperial Maritime Customs 

 and the un hypothecated portion of the salt ga- 

 brl. the conditions on which the increase in the 

 tariff was agreed to being that the duties should 

 be specific, and that the beds of the Whangpoo 

 and I'eiho rivers, the approaches to Shanghai and 

 I'ekin. should be improved with the financial par- 

 ticipation of China. The seventh article defined 

 the limits of the legation area, and affirmed the 

 right of the legations to have a defensible- quarter 

 reserved for exclusively foreign use, and also the 

 right to maintain legation guards. In the eighth 

 article China agreed to raze the forts at Taku and 

 others forts impeding communications between 

 Pekin and the soa. In the ninth article it was 

 stated that China on Jan. 10 had conceded to the 

 powers the right to occupy the points necessary 

 for keeping open communication between Pekin 

 and the sea namely. Hnangtsun. Lnngfanw, 

 Yangtsun. Tientsin. Chunliangcheng, Tangku 

 Lutai. Tongshan, Lanchau, Changli, Ciiingwantao' 



and Slmnhaikwan. In the tenth article China 

 promised to post during two years the edict of 

 Feb. 1 prohibiting membership in any antiforeign 

 society on pain of death, the edict enumerating 

 punishments, the edict prohibiting examinations, 

 and the edict of F"eb. 1 declaring that the viceroys, 

 o-overnors, and local officials responsible for order 

 will, if guilty, be dismissed and never employed 

 again. By the eleventh article China agreed to 

 negotiate amendments to the commercial treaties; 

 also to contribute 60,000 taels a year toward the 

 conservancy of the Peiho channel and half the 

 cost of the Whangpoo improvement, estimated at 

 400,000 taels a year for twenty years. The twelfth 

 article stated that the edict of July 24 trans- 

 formed the Tsung-li-Yamen into the Wai-Wu-Pu, 

 or Board of Foreign Affairs, which has precedence 

 of the six other ministries of state. China hav- 

 ing thus complied to the satisfaction of the 

 powers with the conditions of the note of Dec. 

 22, 1900, which the Emperor accepted in its en- 

 tirety in his decree of Dec. 27, the powers on their 

 part agreed to terminate the situation created 

 by the disorders of the summer of 1900 and to 

 withdraw the international troops, with the ex- 

 ception of the legation guards, from Pekin and 

 evacuate Pechili, with the exception of the points 

 named. 



The Emperor's brother, Prince Chim-Tsai-Fong, 

 who was commissioned to convey the Emperor's 

 regret for the murder of the German minister to 

 the Kaiser, did not proceed at once to Berlin after 

 his arrival in Europe, but halted in Switzerland 

 until he could receive instructions from China in 

 regard to the ceremonial which the German Gov- 

 ernment wished to prescribe. As an act of hu- 

 miliation suited to the expiatory character of the 

 mission, and still more as a recognition of the 

 equality of the German and Chinese sovereigns, 

 the Chinese prince was asked to kotow to the 

 Kaiser, or go through the reverential ceremony 

 that Chinamen perform in the presence of their 

 Emperor, consisting in touching the ground three 

 times with the forehead and making nine profound 

 bows. This demand was withdrawn, and it was 

 arranged that the Chinese prince should make 

 three obeisances. Prince Chun was received at 

 the Sans Souci palace, in Potsdam, on Sept. 4, and 

 delivered to Kaiser Wilhelm a letter from the 

 Emperor of China expressing deep regret that 

 Baron von Ketteler had been murdered as the 

 result of the invasion of Pekin by the rebellious 

 Boxers and the act of the soldiers in joining the 

 rebellion, rendering it impossible for him to take 

 due protective measures. 



Military Operations. The relief of the lega- 

 tions and the occupation of the Chinese imperial 

 city accomplished the ostensible objects of the 

 military intervention before the arrival of Count 

 von Waldersee, who had been accepted by the in- 

 tervening powers as commander-in-chief of the in- 

 ternational forces after a preliminary correspond- 

 ence between the German and Russian Ernperors. 

 When he arrived with the German expedition of 

 20,800 men he found 18,500 English and Indian 

 troops under Gen. Sir Alfred Gaselee, the Japa- 

 nese force of nearly the same strength under Gen. 

 Yamaguinehi, the Americans under Gen. ChafTec's 

 command, the French contingent of 16,000 under 

 Gen. Voyron, the large Russian force under Gen. 

 Linevich, and the small Italian and Austrian de- 

 tachments. There were divergent views among 

 the different governments as to the military policy 

 to be followed, though they agreed in the opinion 

 that the purpose of the troops was to guard the 

 capital and the surrounding districts and hold 

 them until China accepted the terms that the 



