202 



DENMARK. 



oral law. After three months of discussion the 

 convention, on June 12, adopted the Platt amend- 

 ment in the form in which it was presented, but 

 by a majority of only 5 votes. The conditions 

 thus made part of the Constitution of the Cuban 

 republic are as follow : Cuba shall not make any 

 foreign treaty which may tend toward placing 

 the independence of the island or any portion 

 thereof in jeopardy; no loans can be issued unless 

 a surplus of revenue is available for the service of 

 such obligations : the United States can intervene 

 to preserve the independence of Cuba or to in- 

 sure protection for life and property; the acts of 

 the United States military administration in Cuba 

 since 1898 are recognized as valid; proper hy- 

 gienic precautions must be taken to protect pub- 

 lic health on the island; the ownership of the 

 Isle of Pines is left for future consideration; coal- 

 ing stations shall be sold or leased to the United 

 States in localities to be hereafter decided; and 

 these conditions shall be embodied in the Cuban 

 law of constitution. 



A new tariff' was framed placing higher duties 

 on foodstuffs produced in the island. Other duties 

 were made higher also, especially with a view to 

 reciprocity arrangements with the United States. 



Political parties were divided into two groups, 

 one consisting of the Nationalist party, which 

 wished to maintain a Cuban republic absolutely 

 independent of the United States as well as of 

 all other foreign powers, the other of those who 

 were in favor of a closer union with and political 

 dependence on the United States, including many 

 who openly advocated annexation. Tonaaso Es- 

 trada Palma, Gen. Maximo Gomez, and Bartolome 

 Maso were proposed as presidential candidates. 

 Estrada Palma was the candidate generally ap- 

 proved and the one favored by Gen. Gomez after 

 an agreement on the future policy had been 

 reached. Gen. Bartolome Maso, after hesitating a 

 long time, came forward as a candidate, appeal- 

 ing especially to the old Autonomist party, the 

 Spanish element, and the negroes. The electoral 

 law first framed by the convention providing for 

 separate elections at different dates was modified 

 by advice of President Roosevelt so as to provide 

 for only one election day in each year. The Maso 

 ticket was withdrawn, official partiality being 

 charged, and on Jan. 1, 1902, Estrada Palma and 

 the Nationalist candidates for Congress were by 

 a light vote elected. The transfer of sovereignty 

 was expected to take place on May 1, 1902. 



D 



DELAWARE. (See under UNITED STATES.) 

 DENMARK, a kingdom in northern Europe. 

 The legislative body, called the Rigsdag, consists 

 of an upper house, the Landsthing, of 66 members, 

 12 appointed for life by the King and 54 elected 

 for eight years by indirect suffrage, and a popular 

 assembly, the Folkething, containing 114 mem- 

 bers, who are elected for three years by the di- 

 rect vote of all male citizens thirty years of age 

 excepting criminals, paupers, and servants liv- 

 ing with their masters. The reigning King is 

 Christian IX, born April 18, 1818. The heir ap- 

 parent is Prince Frederick, born June 3, 1843. 

 The Cabinet constituted on April 27, 1900, was 

 composed as follows: President of the Council 

 and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Hannibal Sehes- 

 ted; Minister of Justice and Minister for Iceland, 

 Dr. A. H. F. C. Goos; Minister of Public Works, 

 Baron C. F. A. Juul von Rysensteen; Minister 

 of Agriculture, F. Friis; Minister of War, Major- 

 Gen. F. Schnack; Minister of Finance, Dr. H. W. 

 Schnarling; Minister of Marine, Capt. C. G. Mid- 

 delboe ; Minister of Ecclesiastical Affairs and Edu : 

 cation, I. I. K. Bjerre; Minister of the Interior, L. 

 Bramsen. 



Area and Population. Denmark has an area 

 of 15,289 square miles. The population of the 

 kingdom on Feb. 1, 1898, was estimated at 2,310,- 

 000, not including the dependencies. Copenhagen, 

 the capital, had 333,835 inhabitants in 1895; or 

 including suburbs, 408,330. The number of mar- 

 riages in 1899 was 17,914; of births, 73,121; of 

 deaths, 44,243; excess of births, 29,878. The emi- 

 gration was 2,799. By the law of April, 1891, 

 any Dane over sixty years of age unable to sup- 

 port himself or his family is entitled to a pension 

 if he has not brought his poverty on himself by 

 extravagance or by giving away his property, has 

 never received relief from public charity, and has 

 at no time been convicted of crime. The Govern- 

 ment contributes half the pensions up to the 

 limit of 2,500,000 kroner a year, and local author- 

 ities the remainder. The total expenditure in 1898 

 was 4,500,000 kroner. The number of persons re- 

 ceiving pensions was 56,056, comprising 12,971 

 male and 159 female heads of families, with 15,- 



897 dependents, 6,227 single men, and 21,402 sin- 

 gle women. 



Finances. The revenue in 1900 was 72,561,487 

 kroner, and the expenditure 77,509,052 kroner. 

 For the year ending March 31, 1901, the revenue 

 was estimated at 72,820,278 kroner, and the ex- 

 penditure at 71,464,566 kroner. The budget for 

 1902 makes the revenue 73,662,225 kroner, of 

 which 863,056 are a balance from domain rev- 

 enues, 3,677,907 kroner are interest on state as- 

 sets, 10,816,700 are direct taxes, 51,117,400 kroner 

 are indirect taxes, chiefly from customs and ex- 

 cise, 131,244 kroner are net receipts from posts 

 and telegraphs, 1,090,000 kroner are the balance 

 from lotteries, 622,534 kroner are separate rev- 

 enues, and 5,343,384 kroner are revenue from em- 

 ployment of property and funding of debt. The 

 budget estimate of expenditure for 1902 is 72,673,- 

 602 kroner, of which 1,203,200 kroner are the civil 

 list and appanages, 332,232 kroner expenses of the 

 Rigsdag and Council of State, 3,368,360 kroner 

 pensions, 733,656 kroner appropriations for the 

 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 3,379,538 kroner for 

 the Ministry of Agriculture, 7,189,448 kroner 

 for the Ministry of the Interior, 5,023,865 kroner 

 for the Ministry of Justice, 7,511,587 kroner for 

 the Ministry of Public Worship and Instruction, 

 10,947,694 kroner for the Ministry of War, 7,867,- 

 305 kroner for the Ministry of Marine, 77,164 

 kroner for Iceland, 11,100,172 kroner extraordi- 

 nary state expenditure, and 2,004,882 kroner for 

 improvement of state property and reduction of 

 debt. 



The foreign debt on March 31, 1900, most of it 

 paying 3 per cent., amounted to 138,512,250 

 kroner; the total debt, including internal loans, 

 was 207,419,912 kroner. The reserve fund kept 

 as a provision against a sudden emergency 

 amounted on March 31, 1900, to 17,891,222 kroner. 

 This and other invested funds make the sum of 

 productive assets 76,325,868 kroner, apart from 

 the railroads, valued at 237,025,353 kroner, and 

 from the state domains. A loan of 45,000.000 

 kroner was authorized by the Folkething in 1901, 

 20,000,000 kroner for the conversion of old debt, 

 and 25,000,000 kroner for railroads and for ad- 



