FRANCE. 



., :!-< 'ii erce and Production. The yield of 



[.cat in ISO!) was 128,418,920 hectoliters; of bar- 

 ley 13.9(50.71)0 hectoliters; of oats, 95,301,320 

 hectoliters: of rye. 23,577,000 hectoliters; of buck- 

 wheat. 8,106,430 hectoliters; of corn, 9,002,990 

 hectoliters; of mixed grain, 3,951,500 hectoliters; 

 of potatoes. 123,470,410 quintals; of sugar-beets, 

 72 ''00,270 quintals: of other beets and turnips, 

 105,126,730 quintals; of colza, 020,163 quintals; of 

 flax, 87.098 quintals of seed and 120,257 quintals 

 of liber: of hemp, 85,028 quintals of seed and 213,- 

 <)19 quintals of fiber; of tobacco, 227,574 quintals; 

 of clover. 40,549,500 quintals; of hay, 192,700,160 

 quintals: of wine, 40,810,390 hectoliters; of 

 cider. 20.835.000 hectoliters. The imports of wine 

 were 8.405.000 hectoliters, and exports, 1,713,000 

 hectoliters. The production of wine in the first 

 ten months of 1900 was 67,353,000 hectoliters, the 

 largest vintage since the appearance of the phyl- 

 loxera. The value of the crop of chestnuts, wal- 

 nuts, olives, cider-apples, prunes, and mulberry 

 leaves in 1899 was estimated at 214,921,140 francs; 

 of the orange and lemon crop, 1,372,570 francs. 

 The production of cocoons was 6,993,339 kilo- 

 grams. The export of cocoons was 70,907 kilo- 

 grams, value 829,612 francs; export of raw silk, 

 5,437,359 kilograms, value 145,952,285 francs. 

 The number of horses in France on Dec. 31, 1899, 

 was 2,917,160; of mules, 204,750; of asses, 357,- 

 820; of cattle, 13,550,880; of sheep, 21,357,660; of 

 pigs, 6,305,200; of goats, 1,504,390. The produc- 

 tion of refined sugar in 1900 was 869,201,000 kilo- 

 grams, against 737,902,000 kilograms in 1899. 

 The production of alcohol in 1899 was 2,599,558 

 hectoliters. 



The production of coal and lignite in 1899 was 

 32,933,788 tons; of pig iron, 2,567,388 tons; of fin- 

 ished iron, 842,755 tons; of steel, 1,529,182 tons; 

 of steel rails, 1,253,701 tons. The output of silver 

 and lead ore in 1898 was 20,800 tons; of zinc ore, 

 82,100 tons; of manganese ore, 31,900 tons; of 

 antimony ore, 4,400 tons; of salt, 999,000 tons. 



There were 27,137 boats, of 172,066 tons and 

 162,626 men, engaged in the French fisheries in 

 1896, and in the cod fisheries there were 474 boats, 

 of 44,100 tons and 9,741 men. The value of the 

 codfish catch in 1897 was 15,022,960 francs; of 

 the catch in the home fisheries, 113,037,883 francs. 

 The herring fleet in 1899 numbered 542 vessels, of 

 22,370 tons, employing 6,812 men, and the catch 

 was 309,716 quintals. The codfish fleet was 619 

 vessels, with 12,372 men, and the quantity of fish 

 and oil brought home was 564,260 quintals; ex- 

 port of dried codfish, 198,044 quintals. The pre- 

 miums given by the Government for the equip- 

 ment of vessels and imports and exports of fish 

 amounted to 3,965,339 francs. 



The total value of the general commerce in 

 1899 was 5,848,000,000 francs for imports and 

 5,533,500 francs for exports. The value of the 

 social commerce was 4,518,300,000 francs for im- 

 ports and 4,152,600,000 for exports. The special 

 imports in 1900 were 4,408,500,000 francs in value, 

 and the special exports 4,078,000,000 francs. The 

 imports of food products in 1900 were 951,000,000 

 francs, against 1,500.000,000 francs in 1899, and 

 the exports were 777,000,000 francs, against 676,- 

 000,000 francs. The imports of raw materials 

 were 2,738,000,000 francs, against 2,348,000,000 

 francs, and the exports were 1,090,000,000 francs, 

 against 1,210,000.000 francs; and the imports of 

 manufactured articles were 2,185,000,000 francs 

 against 1,916,000,000 francs. The special imports 

 of wool in 1899 were 467,400,000 francs in value- 

 raw silk, 370,600,000 francs; wine, 267,400,000 

 francs; coal and coke, 258,200,000 francs; raw 

 cotton, 177,600,000 francs; oil-seeds, 166,100,000 



francs; timber and wood, 157,000,000 francs; 

 cereals, 143,900,000 francs; hides and furs, 139,600,- 

 000 francs; coffee, 89,600,000 francs; ores, 87,900,- 

 000 francs; silk manufactures, 65,400,000 francs; 

 flax, 56,100,000 francs; cotton manufactures, 43,- 

 800,000. francs; woolen manufactures, 40,700,000 

 francs; sugar, 32,300,000 francs; cattle, 32,100,000 

 francs. The exports of silk manufactures had a 

 value of 278,300,000 francs in 1899; woolen yarn 

 and raw wool, 271,700,000 francs; woolen fabrics, 

 264,000,000 francs; wine, 210,200,000 francs; fancy 

 goods, 183,700,000 francs; silk yarn and raw silk, 

 179,900,000 francs; cotton fabrics, 174,300,000 

 francs; linen cloth and garments, 142,100,000 

 francs; leather, 130,400,000 francs; skins and furs, 

 122,100,000 francs; metal wares and tools, 91,500,- 

 000 francs; chemical products, 83,700,000 francs; 

 cheese and butter, 76,200,000 francs; leather 

 goods, 75,900,000 francs; spirits, 47,600,000 francs; 

 refined sugar, 46,200,000 francs. The imports for 

 domestic consumption from the principal coun- 

 tries had in 1899 and 1900 the following values in 

 francs : 



The exports of articles of French produce and 

 manufacture to the principal foreign countries in 

 the same years had in francs the following values : 



Of the total value of general imports in 1899 

 the value that came by land was 1,748,000,000 

 francs, and by sea 4,100,000,000 francs, of which 

 1,767,000,000 francs in value were carried in 

 French and 2,333,000,000 francs in foreign ships. 

 Of the total value of exports 1,915,000,000 francs 

 went in land vehicles and 3,619,000,000 francs in 

 vessels, 1,894,000,000 francs of this sum in French 

 and 1,725,000,000 francs in foreign vessels. 



The special imports of gold coin and bullion in 

 1899 were 318,504,683 francs, and exports 161,646,- 

 282 francs; imports of silver coin and bullion 

 were 187,212,189 francs, and exports 219,651,177 

 francs; imports of bronze coin were 79,080 francs, 

 and exports 602,390 francs; total imports of 

 specie, 505,795,952 francs; total exports, 381,899,- 

 859 francs. 



The transit trade in 1899 amounted to 961,000,- 

 000 francs. 



Navigation. The total number of vessels en- 

 tered at French ports during 1899 was 101,370, of 

 24,911,506 tons, of which 80,315, of 12,167,655 tons, 

 were French and 21,055, of 12,743,851 tons, were 

 foreign, and of the French vessels 8,661, of 4,967,- 

 828 tons, were engaged in the foreign and colonial 

 trade or in maritime fishing, and 71,654, of 7,199,- 

 827 tons, in the coasting trade. The total number 

 of vessels cleared was 101,864, of 25,180,960 tons, 

 of which 80,556, of 12,369,276 tons, were French 

 and 21,308, of 12,811,684 tons, were foreign, and of 



