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OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (PALLAVICINI DI PRIOLA PETTENKOFER.) 



the special subject of agricultural entomology, got 

 the farmers and laborers of the estate interested 

 in helping her to collect specimens of injurious 

 insects and of their mischievous work, learned 

 what they could tell her of the subject as well 

 as what was recorded in books, and when the 

 Royal Horticultural Society and the British Gov- 

 ernment began in 1868 to make a collection of 

 noxious and beneficial insects she contributed 

 what she had and continued to collect with more 

 ardor for ten years. She also made models of 

 insect injuries, which spread her reputation in 

 many countries. She conceived the idea of col- 

 lecting statistics of insect ravages, which could 

 only be done by the voluntary cooperation of 

 observers in all parts of the country. In a pam- 

 phlet entitled Notes for Observation on Injurious 

 Insects she unfolded her scheme in 1877, and in 

 the autumn of that year she had enough data to 

 issue a record, w T hich was completed in succeed- 

 ing years. These annual reports were published 

 as long as she lived. In 1899 a general index 

 was printed of the 22 reports issued up to that 

 year. In 1881 she issued a special report of the 

 ravages of the turnip-fly, which had been very 

 destructive in that year. In 1882 she accepted 

 the appointment of honorary consulting ento- 

 mologist to the Royal Agricultural Society, which 

 desired her aid in view of the serious and in- 

 creasing attacks of insects on farm crops. Her 

 reports printed by this society ceased in 1891 in 

 consequence of a disagreement. Information and 

 advice were sought from her and observations 

 and specimens were sent to her from nearly every 

 country in the world until in the spring of 1901 

 she determined to give up her entomological work. 

 She was engaged in writing a book of Reminis- 

 cences in the last months of her life. The prin- 

 cipal books that she published are Manual of 

 Injurious Insects, Handbook of Insects Injurious 

 to Orchards and to Bush Fruits, The Cobham 

 Journals, Guide to Methods of Insect Life, In- 

 jurious Insects of South Africa, Text-Book of 

 Agricultural Entomology, and Flies Injurious to 

 Stock. She issued special reports on the Hessian 

 fly, which she was the first to detect in English 

 wheat-fields in 1886, and on the wireworm, the 

 hop aphis, the mustard beetle, and other insect 

 pests, after first sending out circulars of inquiry 

 relating to them. When the ox-warble fly, the 

 eel-worm, and other dangerous insects made their 

 appearance she sent out circulars at her own ex- 

 pense warning farmers how to detect and how 

 to destroy them or how to keep tnem away. Her 

 investigations into the habits of the warble-fly 

 were the means of saving the cattle-herds of 

 various countries from a serious danger. 



Pallavicini di Priola, Marquis Emilio, an 

 Italian soldier, born in Genoa in 1824; died in 

 Rome, Nov. 18, 1901. He left the military acad- 

 emy of Turin with the grade of 2d lieutenant, 

 served in the campaigns of 1848 and 1849 with 

 an infantry regiment, was transferred to the ber- 

 saglieri, and as commander of a battalion dis- 

 played signal gallantry in the storming of Sebas- 

 topol. In the campaign of 1859 he distinguished 

 himself by his bravery, and for his conduct in the 

 battle of San Martino he received the cross of the 

 military order of Savoy. As major commanding 

 a battalion of bersaglieri he drove the Swiss Pon- 

 tifical Guards out of Perugia on Sept. 14, 1860, 

 received promotion to a lieutenant-colonelcy, and 

 for the capture of Capua and Ancona a gold 

 medal and a colonel's commission. The Govern- 

 ment ordered him to Catania to oppose the volun- 

 teers who were marching under Garibaldi upon 

 Reggio, and at Aspromonte he took Garibaldi 



prisoner. As major-general he was sent to re- 

 press brigandage in the south. Afterward he was. 

 lieutenant-general commanding army corps at 

 Palermo and Rome, and on the death of Gen. 

 Posi became aide-de-camp to King Humbert. He 

 sat in the Senate from 1880. 



Parodi, Alexandra, a French dramatist, born 

 in Canea in 1840; died in Paris, June 23, 1901. 

 He was a son of the Sicilian consul in Crete, 

 became a naturalized Frenchman, resided suc- 

 cessively at Milan, Smyrna, Geneva, and finally 

 Paris, where he obtained a post in the prefecture 

 of the Seine. He wrote letters for Italian news- 

 papers, and his poetic style in French was not 

 elegant, but he had a talent for the drama and 

 the gift of producing strong and novel situations. 

 After publishing Passions et Idees (1865) and 

 Nouvelles Messeniennes (1867), two books of 

 verse, he brought out in 1870 a drama in five acts, 

 Ulm le Parricide, which critics pronounced a vig- 

 orous work. His Rome Vaincue, in 1876, brought 

 celebrity. Yet for years afterward his pieces were 

 refused by the managers, and he had them print- 

 ed. In 1893 success came again when La Reine 

 Juana was played at the Renaissance Theater. 

 He wrote a political romance, Le Dernier des 

 Papes, and Le Pape, a dramatic poem, in later 

 years. In 1888 he published a volume of criticism 

 on the French drama. 



Paton, Sir Joseph Noel, a Scottish painter 

 and poet, born in Dunfermline, Dec. 13, 1821; died 

 in Edinburgh, Dec. 26, 1901. He was admitted 

 to the Royal Academy as a student in 1843, and 

 exhibited his first picture, Ruth Gleaning, at the 

 Scottish Royal Academy in 1844. The next year 

 he displayed two pictures there, and obtained a 

 prize of 200 for a cartoon exhibited at West- 

 minster Hall. He was admitted A. R. S. A. in 

 1847, and full R. S. A. in 1855. He was appointed 

 her Majesty's limner for Scotland in 1866, and 

 was knighted in 1867. His latest pictures were 

 Vade, Satana; Ezekiel's Vision of Dry Bones 

 (1893) ; Oberon and Titania; By the Still Waters 

 (1894) ; Puck (1897) ; and Queen Margaret reading 

 the Bible to Malcolm Caenmore (1900). Paton's 

 pictures were very popular and exerted a strong 

 influence upon persons not usually affected by 

 pictorial art. He was eminent also as an arche- 

 ologist, and was the author of Poems by a Painter 

 (1861) ; Spindrift, a volume of verse (1867). 



Petit, Sir Dinshaw Manockjee, an Indian 

 philanthropist, born in Bombay, June 30, 1823; 

 died there, May 5, 1901. He belonged to a family 

 of Parsee merchants. His grandfather had taken 

 the cognomen* Petit from the French on account 

 of his short stature. Dinshaw was trained in 

 the office of an English merchant and in his fa- 

 ther's business. When the civil war in the United 

 States broke out he invested 1,250,000 rupees, 

 which he inherited from his father in 1859, in 

 cotton plantations, which yielded immense profits 

 during the cotton famine in Lancashire. Later he 

 built mills in all parts of Bombay. He founded 

 and endowed a hospital in Bombay, another for 

 animals, a female college, a technical institute, 

 and a hospital for lepers, dividing his benefactions 

 between the sick, women, and dumb animals. He 

 gave the land for Elphinstone College, and in 

 Bombay and Surat he built drinking fountains, 

 fire temples, and towers of silence. 



Pettenkofer, Max von, a German physiolo- 

 gist, born in 1819; died in 1901. He elabo- 

 rated with Karl Voit a respiration apparatus 

 for measuring the chemical action in the lungs, 

 and demonstrated that the production of car- 

 bonic acid varies between sleeping and waking. 

 He drew attention to the importance of ventila- 



