550 



PORTUGAL. 



PRESBYTERIANS. 



in length, connects with the British Indian sys- 

 tem. There is a military force of 1,030 men, of 

 whom 1,426 are natives. 



Macao, an island at the mouth of the Canton 

 river in China, with the dependent islands of 

 Taipa and Coloane, has an area of 4 square miles 

 and a population, of 78,627, comprising 3,106 na- 

 tive Portuguese, 615 natives of Portugal, 177 

 other Portuguese, 161 foreigners, and 74,568 Chi- 

 nese. The Chinese live in a separate quarter, and 

 have their own administration in the city of 

 Macao. The revenue of the colony for 1900 was 

 estimated at 441,378 milreis, and expenditure at 

 405,397 milreis. The imports in 1898 were 8,768,- 

 356 milreis in value; exports, 8,203,906 milreis. 

 Opium is manufactured in Macao for exportation 

 to the United States and Australia, but this trade, 

 amounting to 1,285,000 milreis in 1896, is on the 

 decline. The commerce is chiefly transit, and is 

 in the hands of Chinese. 



The colony of Timor occupies the eastern part 

 of the island of that name, and includes the neigh- 

 boring island of Pulo Cambing. The revenue in 

 1900 was estimated at 144,531 milreis, of which 

 Macao contributed 32,400 milreis; expenditure, 

 176,069 milreis. The colony was formerly admin- 

 istered from Macao, but since 1896 has had a 

 separate administration. A delimitation of the 

 Portuguese and Dutch parts of the island has been 

 arranged. The area of the Portuguese possession 

 is estimated at 7,458 square miles; the population 

 at 300,000. Coffee is grown for export, and wax 

 and other products are exported. The value of 

 imports in 1897 was 318,312 milreis; of exports, 

 246,503 milreis. 



In Africa Portugal possesses territories having 

 an estimated total area of 792,040 square miles 

 and 8,197,790 inhabitants. The Cape Verde 

 Islands have an area of 1,480 square miles, with 

 114,130 inhabitants in 1896, mostly of mixed Por- 

 tuguese and negro descent. Coffee, medicinal 

 plants, and millet are produced. The revenue for 

 1900 was estimated at 364,129 milreis and expendi- 

 ture at 319,941 milreis. The imports in 1898 were 

 1,558,047 milreis; exports, 194,608 milreis. The 

 ports were visited by 3,225 vessels, of 3,365,137 

 tons. 



The area of Portuguese Guinea is 4,400 square 

 miles, with 820,000 inhabitants. The revenue in 

 1900 was estimated at 56,655 milreis, and expendi- 

 ture at 216,742 milreis. The value of imports in 

 1898 was 458,566 milreis; exports, 223,136 milreis. 

 The chief articles of export are rubber, wax, oil- 

 seeds, ivory, and skins. 



The islands of 8t. Thomas and Principe have 

 an area of 360 square rniles and 24,660 inhabit- 

 ants. The Creole planters raise cacao in St. 

 Thomas and coffee in Principe. Cinchona is an- 

 other product. The revenue in 1900 was estimated 

 at 404,196 milreis, and expenditure at 322,732 

 milreis. The value of imports in 1898 was 1,663,- 

 914 milreis, and of exports 2,536,978 milreis. The 

 export of coffee was 1,825,776 kilograms, valued 

 at 354,593 milreis; of cacao, 8,323,057 kilograms, 

 valued at 1,132,148 milreis; value of cinchona, 

 29,686 milreis; of coconuts, 11,500 milreis. 



Angola has an estimated area of 484,800 square 

 miles and 4,119,000 inhabitants. The revenue in 

 1900 was estimated at 1,673,111 milreis, expendi- 

 ture at 2,013,671 milreis. The military force was 

 4,010 men, of whom 2,858 were natives. The value 

 of imports in 1899 was 6,314,846 milreis, against 

 0,187,263 in 1898; exports, 7,035,414 milreis, 

 against 7,169,127 milreis. The number of ocean- 

 going vessels that entered the ports of Ambriz, 

 Loanda, Benguela. and Mossamedes in 1899 was 

 ; 328, of 566,236 tons. There were 244 miles of 



railroad in operation in 1899. The telegraph-lines 

 had a length of 635 miles. The principal products 

 are coffee and rubber, and after these wax, sugar, 

 oils, coconuts, ivory, cattle, and fish. Copper, 

 malachite, iron, petroleum, salt, and gold are 

 found. 



On the opposite coast of Africa from Angola 

 Portugal possesses a territory embracing 301,000 

 square miles, with an estimated population of 

 3,120,000 (see SOUTH AFRICA). 



PRESBYTEBIANS. I. Presbyterian Church 

 in the United States of America. The follow- 

 ing is the general summary of the statistics of 

 this Church as they were officially published in 

 the volume of the minutes of the General Assem- 

 bly for 1901: Number of synods, 32; of presby- 

 teries, 233; of churches, 7,779; of ministers, 7,532; 

 of candidates for the ministry, 917; of licentiates, 

 336; of elders, 28,764; of deacons, 9,974; of com- 

 municants, 1,025,388; of members added during 

 the year on examination, 54,252; of baptisms, 

 19,072 of adults and 26,163 of infants; of members 

 of Sabbath-schools, 1,058,110; amount of contribu- 

 tions for the year for home missions, $1,252,159; 

 for foreign missions, $907,739; for education, $93,- 

 397; for Sabbath-school work, $122,850; for 

 church erection, $179,078; for the Relief fund, 

 $97,531; for the freedmen, $144,695; for synodical 

 aid, $94,728; for the General Assembly, $74,335; 

 for aid for colleges, $274,415; for congregational 

 purposes, $12,152,088; miscellaneous contribu- 

 tions, $945,361; total, $16,338,361. The number 

 of communicants was 17,699 larger than in the 

 previous year. The number of candidates for the 

 ministry showed a continuous decrease, it being 

 591 less than in 1896, while the number of minis- 

 ters was larger than in any previous year. A 

 decided increase is shown in the total amount of 

 contributions, which was $1,284,075 larger than 

 in 1900, and the largest in the history of the 

 Church. 



The Board of Education closed the year with a 

 surplus, and a reserve fund which, after adding a 

 legacy of $5,000 recently received, would amount 

 to $17,973. The number of students under the 

 care of the board had been steadily decreasing 

 for several years, having fallen from 911 in 1897 

 to 600 in 1901. 



The Board of Aid for Colleges during the eight- 

 een years of its existence had aided 78 institutions 

 in 29 States and Territories, while 36 schools had 

 been founded with its help, its investment being 

 secured by bond and mortgage. The total value 

 of the property thus secured was $1,521,158. The 

 burden of debt had been removed from 26 institu-. 

 tions. The policy of the board now was not fur- 

 ther to aid an institution that incurs a debt. 

 Thirteen schools had secured endowment funds, 

 so far amounting ^to $413,754. The total sum 

 gathered, used, or invested in eighteen years was 

 $2,312,909. 



The Board of Ministerial Relief had had 931 

 names upon its roll of beneficiaries, 114 new names 

 having been added during the year. The sum of 

 $38,825 had been paid to 136 honorably retired 

 ministers. The total receipts for the year had 

 been $194,146. 



The Board of Church Erection reported 227 ap- 

 plications made to it during the year, the total 

 amount asked for (as loans or grants) being $154,- 

 877. Appropriations had been made from the 

 General fund of $64,554 to 141 churches. From 

 the Manse fund allotments had been made of $26,- 

 780 to 63 churches. Other loans had been made 

 from certain special funds, and special gifts, mak- 

 ing the whole year's work amount to $123,484 

 appropriated to 224 churches. One hundred and 



