586 ROOSEVELT, THEODORE. 



ROUMANIA. 



while his instant recognition and rewarding of 

 any bravery shown by a policeman in the course 

 of duty still more endeared him to the iorce. On 

 April 6, 1897, he was again called to Washington, 

 this time to serve as Assistant Secretary of the 

 A T avy, and in this office he spent one year and one 

 month. On May 6, 1898, he resigned the office, to 

 take active service in the war with Spain. With 

 Leonard Wood as colonel and himself as lieuten- 

 ant-colonel, the First Cavalry Regiment of United 

 States Volunteers was organized. Owing partly 

 to the unusual and picturesque personnel of the 

 enlisted men. comprising young fellows from New- 

 port and cowboys from the \Vest, this regiment, 

 popularly known as Rough Riders, became one of 



THEODORE ROOSEVELT'S HOUSE AT OYSTER BAY. 



the best known in the war. They had a brilliant 

 part in the battle of San Juan Hill. In that year 

 he received the Republican nomination for Gov- 

 ernor of New York, and was elected by a plurality 

 of 17,786. In 1900 he was nominated and elected 

 Vice-President on the ticket with Mr. McKinley. 

 On Friday, Sept. 6, 1901, President McKinley was 

 shot at Buffalo; he died on Saturday, the 14th 

 of the same month. At Buffalo, that day, at the 

 residence of Mr. Wilcox, Elihu Root, Secretary of 

 War, requested, for reasons of weight connected 

 with the administration of the Government, that 

 Mr. Roosevelt take the oath as President at once. 

 Mr. Roosevelt replied : " I shall take the oath of 

 office in obedience to your request, sir, and in 

 doing so it shall be my aim to continue absolutely 

 unbroken the policy of President McKinley, which 

 has given peace, prosperity, and honor to our be- 

 loved country." In the presence of all the Cabinet, 

 save the Secretary of State and the Secretary of 

 the Navy, the oath was taken, Judge Hazel of the 

 United States district court administering it. 

 The new President hereupon said : " In order to 

 help me keep the promise I have taken, I would 

 ask all the Cabinet to retain their positions at 

 least for some months to come. I shall rely upon 

 you, gentlemen, upon your loyalty and fidelity, to 

 help me." A few days later, in Washington, Pres- 

 ident Roosevelt made clear his desire that no 

 changes should occur in the Cabinet. The same 

 day that he took the oath, President Roosevelt is- 

 sued the following: 



" MILBURN HOUSE, BUFFALO, Sept. Ik, 1901. 



41 By the President of tne United States, A Proc- 

 lamation: 



" A terrible bereavement has befallen our 

 people. The President of the United States has 

 been struck down; a crime committed not only 

 against the chief magistrate but against every 

 law-abiding and liberty-loving citizen. President 

 McKinley crowned a life of largest love for his 



fellow men, of most earnest endeavor for their 

 welfare, by a death of Christian fortitude; and 

 both the way in which he lived his life and the 

 way in which, in the supreme hour oi trial, he 

 met his death will remain forever a precious heri- 

 tage of our people, it is meet that we, as a 

 nation, express our abiding love and reverence for 

 his life, our deep sorrow for his untimely death. 

 " Now, therefore, 1, Theodore Roosevelt, Presi- 

 dent of the United States of America, do appoint 

 Thursday next, Sept. 19th, the day in which the 

 body of the dead President will be laid in its last 

 earthly resting-place, as a day of mourning and 

 prayer throughout the United States. I earnestly 

 recommend all the people to assemble on that day 

 in their respective places of divine worship, there 

 to bow down in submission to the will oi Al- 

 mighty God, and pay out of full hearts their 

 homage of love and reverence to the great and 

 good President, whose death has smitten the na- 

 tion with bitter grief." 



His acts as President belong to the history of 

 the country, and will be recorded in other arti- 

 cles in this work. At the Yale Bicentennial, in 

 October, 1901, he received the degree of LL. D. 

 His published writings are: The Naval War of 

 1812 (2 vols., 1882); Hunting Trips of a Ranch- 

 man (1885); Thomas Hart Benton (1887); Gouv- 

 erneur Morris (1888); Essays on Practical Poli- 

 tics (1888); Ranch Life and the Hunting Trail 

 (1888) ; The Winning of the West (4 vols., 1889- 

 1896); Brief History of New York City (1891); 

 The Wilderness Hunter (1893); American Ideals, 

 and Other Essays (1897); The Rough Riders 

 (1899); Oliver Cromwell (1900); and The Stren- 

 uous Life (1901) ; besides occasional articles con- 

 tributed to other volumes, or to periodicals. 



In 1881 Mr. Roosevelt married Miss Alice Lee, 

 of Boston. After being a widower several years 

 he married Miss Edith Kermit Carow. He is the 

 father of six children, the eldest being the daugh- 

 ter of his first wife. 



He is a member of the following organizations: 

 Union League Club, Republican Club, Harvard 

 Club, St. Nicholas Society, Naval and Military 

 Order of the Spanish- American War, Holland So- 

 ciety, Seawanhaka Corinthian Yacht Club, Cen- 

 tury Association, New York Genealogical and Bio- 

 graphical Society, and D. K. E. college fraternity. 



ROUMANIA, a kingdom in eastern Europe. 

 The legislative power is vested in a Senate of 

 120 members, elected for eight years, and a Cham- 

 ber of Deputies containing 183 members, elected 

 for four years. The reigning King is Carol I, 

 born April 20, 1830, a son of Prince Karl of 

 Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, elected Domn of Rou- 

 mania in 1866 and proclaimed King on March 26, 

 1881. The Cabinet formed on July 20, 1900, was 

 composed at the beginning of 1901 of the following 

 members: President of the Council and Minister 

 of Finance, P. P. Carp; Minister of Justice, T. 

 Maioresco; Minister of Foreign Affairs, A. Mar- 

 ghiloman; Minister of War, Gen. J. Lahovary;. 

 Minister of the Interior, C. Onalesco; Minister of 

 Public Instruction and Worship, Constantin C. 

 Arion; Minister of Agriculture, Industry, Com- 

 merce, and Domains, Nicolas Filipesco. 



Area and Population. The area of the king- 

 dom is estimated at 50,720 square miles. The 

 population, according to the provisional results of 

 the census of December, 1899, was 5,912,520, con- 

 sisting of 2,994,896 males and 2,917,624 females. 

 There were 5,469,036 Roumanians, 171,063 foreign- 

 ers, and 272,421 inhabitants not under foreign 

 protection, the number of marriages in 1899 was 

 50,033; of births, 250,318; of deaths, 164,900; ex- 



