734 



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. (NEW MEXICO.) 



upon the right of juries to award damages for 

 suffering sustained in accident cases. Sympathy 

 was expressed for the Boers. State expenditures 

 were criticized. Election of United States Sen- 

 ators by the people was advocated. Republican 

 shortcomings were pointed out, and Democratic 

 pledges of better administration were given. 



At the State election in November the Repub- 

 licans were successful. Franklin Murphy was 

 elected Governor by a plurality of 17,133, and 

 the Legislature chosen had a Republican majority 

 of 45 on joint ballot. 



NEW MEXICO, a Territory of the United 

 States, organized Sept. 9, 1850; area, 122,580 

 square miles. The population, according to each 

 decennial census, was 61,547 in 1850; 93,516 in 

 1860; 91,874 in 1870; 119,565 in 1880; 153,593 in 

 1890; and 195.310 in 1900. Indians not taxed in 

 1900. 12,937. Capital, Santa Fe. 



Government. The Territorial officers in 1900 

 were: Governor, Miguel A. Otero; Secretary, J. 

 W. Raynolds; Treasurer, J. H. Vaughn; Auditor, 

 W. G. Sargent; Adjutant-General, William H. 

 Whiteman; Attorney-General, E. L. Bartlett; Su- 

 perintendent of Education, J. Francisco Chaves; 

 Commissioner of Public Lands, A. A. Keen; Coal- 

 Oil Inspector, John S. Clark; Public Printer, 

 James D. Hughes all Republicans. Supreme 

 Court Chief Justice, William J. Mills; Associate 

 Justices, John R. McFie, Jonathan W. Crum- 

 packer, F. W. Parker, and Daniel H. McMillan; 

 Clerk, Jose D. Sena all Republicans. District 

 Courts First District (counties of Santa Fe, Rio 

 Arriba, Taos, and San Juan), John R. McFie, 

 judge, Santa Fe; Second District (counties of 

 Bernalillo, Valencia, and McKinley), J. W. 

 Crumpacker, judge, Albuquerque; Third District 

 (counties of Donna Ana, Sierra, Grant, Otero, and 

 Luna), Frank W. Parker, judge, Las Cruces; 

 Fourth District (counties of San Miguel, Guada- 

 lupe, Mora, Colfax, and Union), W. J. Mills, 

 judge, East Las Vegas; Fifth District (counties of 

 Socorro, Lincoln, Chaves, and Eddy), Daniel H. 

 McMillan, judge, Socorro. 



Population. The Federal census of the Terri- 

 tory taken in 1900 is severely criticized by the 

 press and people of the Territory, and all believe 

 that the inefficient manner in which this work 

 was done deprived New Mexico of the credit for 

 at lease one-third of its population. This convic- 

 tion was so general and apparently so well-found- 

 ed that the Governor instituted an investigation 

 of the matter, and, taking the results of this in- 

 vestigation as a basis, he finds that the actual 

 population at this time is 296,485, exclusive of 

 21,280 Indians, 8,343 of whom are citizens, living 

 in villages, sending their children to school, and 

 being in all respects good and valuable citizens. 

 These facts are officially set forth in detail in the 

 Governor's report to the Secretary of the Interior. 



Finances. The revenues of the Territory for 

 the year were considerably in excess of expendi- 

 tures, though the appropriations by the last Leg- 

 islature were more liberal than ever. Certificates 

 of indebtedness to the amount of $48,800 have 

 been called in and canceled, and there are now 

 on hand trust funds for the redemption of out- 

 standing bonds to the amount of $71,658.07. The 

 total present indebtedness of the Territory is $1,- 

 180,800, and its 4-per-cent. bonds command a 

 premium. From the funds derived from the sale 

 and leasing of public lands large sums have been 

 expended in the betterment of the public property 

 and the institutions of the Territory. 



Education. By the school census taken in the 

 summer, there are 53,008 children of school age 

 (from five to sixteen years) in the Territory, and 



of these 47,700 are enrolled as pupils, and the 

 average daily attendance for the year was 31,800. 

 These children are taught in 900 schools, employ- 

 ing 1,150 teachers, and the school property is 

 valued at $1,500,000. The largest amount ex- 

 pended for school-buildings at any one place is 

 at Albuquerque, where the school-buildings now 

 in use cost $163,000, and bonds are being issued 

 to the amount of $30,000 for providing additional 

 school room. This is in addition to $100,000 ex- 

 pended by the United States in the erection oi 

 schools at this place for the education of Indian 

 children. The percentage of illiteracy in the Terri- 

 tory, which was 85 by the census of 1870, was 

 reduced to 65 in 1880, to 44 in 1890, and it is 

 believed to be at present not more than 20. The 

 reduction between 1870 and 1880 may be account- 

 ed for by the large immigration from " the 

 States " at the time of the coming of the railroad, 

 but whatever has occurred since 1880 has been 

 due mainly to the public schools. 



Indian Education. The United States Indus- 

 trial School for Indian children at Albuquerque, 

 established in 1884, which for size and importance 

 among institutions of its kind maintained by the 

 National Government is excelled only by the 

 school at Carlisle, was overcrowded during the 

 year, and was obliged to turn away more than 200 

 applicants for lack of accommodations. The in- 

 stitution has proper accommodations for 300 pu- 

 pils, and in 1901 it had an actual enrolment of 

 342 196 boys and 146 girls. As it is a boarding- 

 school the attendance and enrolment are the same. 

 These children are mainly Navajos, Isletas, La- 

 gunas, and Zuuis, with a number of Apaches. In 

 addition to the ordinary course of instruction 

 commonly pursued in the public schools, the pu- 

 pils receive practical training in industrial arts. 

 The boys are taught carpentering, blacksmithing, 

 tailoring, shoemaking, harness-making, and wag- 

 on-making, and on the model farm connected 

 with the institution all receive a thorough train- 

 ing in farming and gardening; and the girls are 

 trained in sewing, cooking, bread-making, and 

 general housework. After leaving the school 

 many of the boys find employment in the stores, 

 shops, and factories of the town and become good 

 citizens, while numbers of the girls go out to serv- 

 ice and make the most reliable help. Both boys 

 and girls as a rule are bright, and learn very 

 quickly. They take readily to the customs of 

 civilization, and after they have been at the 

 school a few weeks, and become accustomed to 

 their new environment and new costumes, there 

 is nothing in their conduct or appearance, except 

 their color, to distinguish them from other Ameri- 

 can boys and girls. According to the estimates 

 of the principal of the school, there would be a 

 regular voluntary attendance of about 800 if the 

 accommodations were sufficient to admit that 

 many. One fact worthy of special notice is the 

 large attendance of girls. At first it was almost 

 impossible to prevail on the Indians to let their 

 girls go to school. But since they find that the 

 girl graduates can earn from $15 to $20* a month, 

 besides board and room, by doing housework in 

 town, and are much more efficient at home than 

 those that have not been educated, there are ap- 

 plications for the admission of almost as many 

 girls as boys. There is another Indian school at 

 Santa Fe, conducted on the same lines and of 

 nearly the same capacity as the one at Albu- 

 querque, and a general description of the charac- 

 ter and work of one serves for both. The Terri- 

 tory also maintains ordinary public schools at 

 nearly all the Indian pueblos, which are conduct- 

 ed in all respects the same as the district schools 



