190 THE SCIENTIFIC PAPERS OP 



about 25 candles. I should mention that my brother, Frederick 

 Siemens, has worked independently on this same subject, and pro- 

 duced a burner which has been tried lately by some of the gas 

 authorities, and has given an economy superior even to what I 

 have stated. But the construction of my brother's burner is 

 essentially different, the gas flame being drawn downward through 

 heating apparatus. 



The President : Like Faraday's ? Faraday arranged gas-burners 

 of that kind. 



Dr. Siemens : I am not acquainted with Faraday's arrangement, 

 but although my brother has obtained very excellent results, I 

 think that the. plan I described is certainly a more simple arrange- 

 ment, and for ordinary applications commends itself on that 

 account. I should have mentioned that, in order to prevent the 

 oxidation of the copper conductor, and also in order to have a 

 reflecting surface, I have covered the copper conductor with a 

 very thin coating of enamel or platinum. 



In 1he discussion of the Paper 



"ON THE COMBINATION SYSTEM OF STEAM 



HEATING FOR TOWNS AND VILLAGES," 



By CAPT. DOUGLAS GALTON, 



The CHAIBJIAN (DE. C. W. SIEMENS),* in proposing a vote of 

 thanks to Capt. Douglas Galton, said this question was not a new 

 one in the abstract, for heating by steam had been carried out to 

 his knowledge forty years ago. But there was a novelty in the 

 proposal to generate steam in large volumes, at high pressure, at 

 certain centres ; and to send it at that high pressure for miles 

 under the streets. It was also perhaps a novelty to divide steam 

 by regulating and stopping valves, and supply it to individual 



* Excerpt Journal of the Society of Arts, Vol. XXX. 1881-1882, pp. 93-94. 



