SfK WJLLIAAf SIE.\fENS, F.R.S. 195 



great men like Dr. Clausius, Sir William Thomson, and Dr. Joule, 

 had established a certain equivalent, an equivalent which was 

 perfectly true if the heat generated in the mechanical process of 

 t-< impression were treated as waste. But by means of the re- 

 trciit-rator it was possible to recover, at any rate, a large proportion 

 df the heat so produced at the minimum temperature attained in 

 run pressing the air. The ice produced was, therefore, only 

 i-viilcnce of a transfer of heat from the fresh water to air or water 

 raised to a high temperature. And in this respect the operation 

 of freezing differed very essentially from that of power-producing, 

 when a given amount of heat must absolutely disappear. The 

 report might perhaps be interesting, as it gave the particulars of the 

 views which he then entertained, and of the theoretical conclusion 

 at which he arrived a conclusion which, he had little doubt, 

 though it was not now fully admitted, would be admitted before 

 the subject was done with. The paper dealt with the question as it 

 stood at the present day in a very able and proper manner, and the 

 applications which would flow from a cheap and ready mode of 

 lucing temperature to any desirable point could not be easily 

 overrated. 



tBPORT OX THE PERFORMANCE OF NEWTON'S PATENT REFRIGE- 

 RATING APPARATUS, WITH SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING 



THE SAME. 



Having examined your apparatus for the artificial production of 

 ; on your premises at Camden Town on the 8th inst, and having 

 examined carefully into the principles involved, and into the 

 rases of its present lack of success, I have to report thereon as 

 allows : 



" Description. The apparatus consists of a horizontal condens- 

 ing steam-engine of 32 inches diameter of cylinder, of 5 feet 

 Bngth of stroke, in excellent condition, by Messrs. James Watt 

 id Co., which imparts motion to a crank-shaft with two 

 Iditional cranks, which are connected with the pistons of two air 

 cylinders of 4 feet 6 inches stroke, and of 21 inches and 19 inches 

 diameter respectively. The piston rods of the air cylinders are 

 carried horizontally through the cylinder bottoms, and are each of 



o 2 



