S/A WILLIAM SIEMENS, F.R.S. 333 



used, as was the case at Landore, and secondly, it would be pro- 

 (l:i<-i'<l at a comparatively low temperature. Much also would 

 depend upon the condition of the steel melting furnace at the time 

 when the fluid metal was run into it ; if the furnace was in a 

 rumpurativcly oool condition (for instance, if the bottom had just 

 made up with cold material, and the comparatively cold pig- 

 metal from the cupola was run in), then considerable time must 

 be lost before both the furnace and the fluid pig metal were 

 brought up to the temperature at which the raw ore would act 

 upon the latter, and this time might be quite equal to that required 

 for fusing pig iron in the melting-furnace ; but if the furnace was 

 heated to full steel melting heat before the molten pig iron was 

 run in, and if the metal was taken direct from the blast-furnace 

 at the highest temperature attainable, he had no doubt that an 

 advantage would be realised analogous to that which had been 

 obtained by the Bessemer process. 



In the discussion of the Paper 



"ON THE CASSON-DOKMOY PUDDLING-FURNACE," 

 By MR. E. FISHER SMITH, 



DR. SIEMENS * said Mr. Scattergood had given them a somewhat 

 amusing account of the great precautions he used in making his 

 experiments. He trusted to nobody but himself ; but it struck 

 him (Dr. Siemens), in listening to his observations, that in one or 

 two particulars perhaps he had been over-cautious. He was not 

 satisfied with puddling the Earl of Dudley's iron, but took iron of 

 his own pig metal of a very inferior kind with a view of putting 

 the furnace upon its trial ; but it appeared to him (Dr. Siemens) 

 not improbable that that very circumstance might have contributed 

 to the superior results which he reported, viz., the shortness of 

 time which it took to bring his iron to nature, and to the com- 



* Excerpt Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute, 1876, pp. 134-135. 



