A7A 1 \ni.UAM S//-.1//-.VS, F.K.S. 



375 



employ a nirt.il that \\oiild hear without breaking a tensile strain 

 ..us, when th.'V mi-Ill have for tin' same money and 

 with; (;!<' a iiii'lal I hat . \v<ml.l resist 40 OF 45 tOUH. The 



practical ditlictllty to tin- udupt.iMii of thi- higher metal \vinli| lie 

 found in ollicial circles. The I '.. an I of Trade 1 1 ad, after a great 

 deal i.f argument and a -ival deal of endeavour on the part of 

 rii'jiii'ii- and sled-makers tu induce them to recognise steel at 

 all, consented in allow steel to ! used in engineering construc- 

 tions. Inn they would only credit it with ('..I tons per square ineh, 

 mid so long as that rule was maintained, the engineer was power- 

 leu to adopt material of a higher class; but the hindrance, no 

 iloiiht, must be removed by the force of fact, and .Mr. Adamson's 

 would do valuable service in furnishing further data for 

 them to consider and to act upon. 



Wiih regard to Professor Akerman's paper, it was a valuable 

 commiinieatii.il on the exhibits of steel shown at the Exhibition, 

 but they could expect only a very high-class paper from one of 

 I'nife.s-'or A kerman 'swell-known attainments and position. There 

 however, some obsenaiinns as to which he must beg to 

 dill'er from that gentleman. Professor Akerman said "No 

 |'f"l' : ' dill'Tene.- I.ei \\een Bessemer and Siemens-Martin plates 

 n.iild he disi-oxeivd in tli'- course of these exjicriiiiciits, which 



< iprehend both complete analyses and tension tests," &c. No\\ 



h- (Dr. Siemens) had always avoided comparisons between the 

 op> n-iieaii h and the Bessemer metal. Ho had been always a greai 

 admirer of the Bessemer process and a great friend of .Mr. l' 

 s 'iiier, but he thought Mr. Bessemer himself would probably take 

 r\e.-pt jon to that sentence. Was it probable, he would ask, that 

 if they commenced with the same pig metal, put a portion of it 

 into a Bessemer converter, and another portion into an open- 

 In ail h furnace, treating the one by blowing air through it, 

 diminishing its quantity by 15 per cent., and treating the other 

 with rich ore such as they used for the reduction of the carbon in 

 pig metal on the open hearth, that the results would be the same ? 

 II could not sec how the results could possibly be the same. It 

 might be better in the Bessemer process than in the open-hearth 

 for au^ht he knew, but it could not be the same. If absolutely 

 pure pig iron were used, such as is found in Sweden, then the 

 analysis might show no difference in the amount of phosphorus 



