INDEX TO VOLUME I. 



483 



DEAD MELTING. 



Dead melting, cuused by oxygen in 

 iron going to carbon, 337 ; caused 

 mining steel in fluid condition 

 at comparatively low temperature, 

 illustration of, from com- 

 pleting Bessemer blow, 33s ; 

 Sheffield practice for, 337 ; Snelus's 

 view of, criticism of, 337. 

 Decarburization steel process, 211. 

 Di-1'mition of steel, criticisms of, 31(1, 

 SI 7 ; Hackney's, as malleable 

 fused iron, 316 ; Percy's, as iron 

 capable of hardening, 31 U ; Sic- 

 mens's, C. W.,as iron compounded 

 to possess superior strength, 316, 

 :5-J3 ; want of good, 402 ; Whit- 

 worth's, by its strength and tough- 

 ness, 317. 

 Denny, W., shipbuilding, steel for, 



discussion of paper by, 42(i- 1:>S. 

 Dephosphorization, 413 ; bauxite 

 bricks for, 413 ; Bell's, I. L., pro- 

 cess for, 362 ; caused by basic 

 material added to the bath, 415 ; 

 of Cleveland pig, by rich iron 

 oxide, 363 ; cost of, by Bell's, I. L., 

 process, 3(53 ; depended on basic 

 cinder, high temperature, and 

 oxygen, 416 ; experiments by 

 Siemens, C. W., in 1863 on, 413 ; 

 ferrous oxide used in, 415 ; iron 

 destroyed in, 415 ; Le Chatelier's 

 bauxite lining for, 413 ; lime 

 lining for, 363 ; magnesia lining 

 for, 413 ; in open-hearth process 

 by addition of silicon-iron and 

 spiegeleisen, 417 ; in rotator, 362 ; 

 by tapping off first slag before 

 balling in rotator, 418 ; Thomas 

 and Gilchrist's paper on their pro- 

 cess of, 413 ; Williamson, Prof., 

 suggests use of other bases than 

 iron oxides for, 363. 

 Die should be larger than punch in 



punching mild steel, 371. 

 Direct process, advantages of, com- 

 bined with pure and intense heat, 



ran. 



341 ; copper eliminated by, 305; 

 for iron and steel manufacture, 

 303, 340 ; practical ; objections to, 

 viz. rich ores, pure fuel, and much 

 labour, 341 ; pure iron by, 341 ; 

 for reducing iron by forcing car- 

 bonic oxide into it, 303 ; simplicity 

 of, 341. 



Direct steel process, 289. 



Direct wrought-iron process, 289. 



Dirt, Palmerston's definition of, 330. 



Dissociation hinders combustion. 384. 



Distillation of coal in gas-producer, 

 221, 245, 385. 



Drilling and punching compared, 

 410. 



Ductility of steel, 459 ; of steel 

 castings, 466. 



ECONOMICAL and wasteful puddling 

 compared, 283. 



Economy of blast furnace affected 

 by use of hot blast, 276 ; of fuel 

 in regenerative gas furnace, 224, 

 225, 247. 



Elasticity, calculating, experiments 

 for, 270 ; definite limit of, in 

 metals, 269 ; limit of, no elonga- 

 tion by strain within, 269, 270 ; 

 limit of, more important than 

 ultimate strength, 271, 423 ; of 

 metals not affected by time, 269 ; 

 of steel, 420, 459 ; of steel, experi- 

 ments wanting on influence of 

 temperature on, 424, 



Elimination of carbon, manganese 

 and silicon in ore-reducing pro- 

 cess, 286 ; of sulphur and phos- 

 phorus in ore-reducing process 

 compared with Bessemer steel 

 process, 304. 



Elongation tests must exclude drawn 



portion, 434. 



Engine working directly en rolls, 

 criticism of, 439. 



I I 2 



