APPENDIX I. 



Mr. William Keates, to whose memory this 

 volume is dedicated, was not one of the Founders 

 of the Alkali Industry, but he did much to estab- 

 lish, in Lancashire, Copper Smelting, which may 

 certainly be considered one of the many branches 

 of Chemical Industry. 



He was born at Cheadle, in Staffordshire, on 

 the 18th of February, 1801, and, as a youth, was 

 employed in the Cheadle Copper and Brass Go's. 

 Works where he obtained a good practical know- 

 ledge of the business. 



The Cheadle Co. conducted Copper Smelting 

 operations at Neath Abbey (South Wales), but 

 in 1821 they decided to close these works and 

 wind up the business ; young Keates was entrusted 

 with this work. 



In 1822 he severed his connection with the 

 Cheadle Co., and was appointed by a Mr. Sneyd, 

 of Ashcombe, near Leek, to manage the Whiston 

 Copper Works near Cheadle. 



Tnese works were built by the Duke of Devon- 

 shire to smelt the ore from his Copper mine at 

 i 1819 Mr. Sneyd acquired the works and 

 continual to smelt the ore from a local mine 

 (Mixon). 



In 1824 William Keates was offered the manage- 

 ment of the smelting OJH -Kit ions at Real-del-Monte, 



