APPENDIX v 



Some few years before he retired from business 

 he went to reside at Pickhill Hall, near Wrexham, 

 but later he removed to Devon, having purchased 

 a fine estate at Bishops Nympton. He died in 

 his 88th year at Leamington, and was buried in 

 the Churchyard at Cheadle. He was the High 

 Sheriff of Flintshire in the year 1874. His only 

 surviving son, Mr. Joseph Andrew Keates, suc- 

 ceeded to the business and the estates. 



When Mr. Keates came to Liverpool, copper ores 

 were purchased by the old method of a varying 

 standard, and a fixed returning charge, which was 

 not easily understood by the uninitiated. Mr. 

 Keates devised and introduced the simpler method 

 of purchase by unit which was easy of comprehen- 

 sion. He was not the first to introduce Copper 

 Smelting into Lancashire; there had once been a 

 Smelting Works near Blackbrook, between St. 

 Helens and Haydock; there was also a works at 

 Ravenhead, where the ores from the Parys mine 

 in Anglesey were smelted, and, in 1717, Thomas 

 Patten erected a Copper Works at Bank Quay, 

 Warrington. 



The Bank Quay Works were discontinued about 

 the year 1782. In 1720, Thomas Patten started 

 the Brass Works at Cheadle, and founded the 

 Cheadle Copper and Brass Co. 



The manager of the Bank Quay Works was a 

 Mr. John Watkins, who li\< <! to be over 80 years 

 of age, and died in 1821, at his residence, Dittnn 

 Hall, near Widnes. His father was his predecessor 

 as manager of the works. 



In the earlier days the mpprr i'mm Hank Quay 



