250 



STKATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY 



Pisces. -Remains of fish are very numerous, and a long list 

 of names founded on the teeth and spines of fish might be given, 

 but the following are known from more complete remains. 

 Eurynotus, Rhizodus, Holoptychius, Megalichthys, Ccelacanthus, Platy- 

 somus. Many of the Carboniferous fish were Elasmobranchs, and 

 most of the remainder are Teleostomi of the Crossopterygian order. 



A remarkable fact in the distribution of the marine fauna is the 

 persistence of many species throughout the whole of the Avonian 

 Series. Recent studies of the corals and Brachiopoda have, how- 

 ever, shown that a few species are restricted to certain horizons and 

 that others are much more abundant within certain zonal limits 

 than they are above or below, and in this way a zonal classification 

 of the great mass of limestones has been established. 



The following are some of the most common and characteristic 

 species of the Dinantian Series as a whole : 



Foraminifera. Saceammina frontiniformis (syn. Carter!), Trocham- 

 mina incerta, Endothyra. 



Hydrozoa. Chaetetes tumidus. 



Actinozoa. Amplexus coralloides, Cyathophyllum regium, Lons- 



daleia floriformis, Clisiophyllum bipartitum, 

 Dibunophyllum turbinatum, Cyathaxonia cornu, 

 Phillipsastrea radiata, Syringopora geniculata, 

 Lithostrotiori affine, L. basaltiforme, L. striatum, 

 Zaphrentis Phillips!, Caninia cylindrica, Michelinia 

 favosa, and M. megastoma. 



Bryozoa. Fenestella flabellata, Ceriopora gracilis. 



Echinoderina. Actinocrinus triacontodactylus, Amphoracrinus am- 

 phora, Platycrinus laevis, Poteriocrinus crassus, 

 Woodocrinus macrodactylus ; Archseocidaris Urei, 

 Palaechinus sphericus, Pal. gigas, Orbitremites 

 derbiensis. 



Brachiopoda. Athris (Seminula) ambigua, A. (Seminula) ficoides, 



A. (Cliothyris) Roissyi, Orthis resupinata, Spirifer 

 striatus, S. clathratus, Syringothyris cuspidata, 

 Productus semireticulatus, P. giganteus, Dielasma 

 hastatum, Rhynchonella (Hypothyris) pleurodon, R. 

 (Pugnax) acuminata, Spirif'erina octoplicata. 



Lamellibranchia. Conocardium aliforme, 0. hibernicum, Pterinopecten 

 papyraceus, Pt. sublobatus, Pt. granosus, Edmondia 

 sulcata, Modiola Macadami, Myalina crassa, Cardio- 

 niorpha orbicularis, C. oblonga, Posidononiya 

 Becheri. 



Gastropoda. Euomphalus pentangulatus, Naticopsis plicistria, 



Pleurotomaria carinata, Murchisonia verneuiliana. 

 Platyceras neritoides, Bellerophon Urei, B. tangenti- 

 alis, Macrochilus ovalis, Capulus vetustus. 



Cephalopoda. Ccelonautilus cariniferus, Cyrtoceras Gesneri, Ortho- 



ceras undulatum, Actinoceras giganteum, Poterio- 

 ceras fusiformis, Glyphioceras diadema ( = crenistria), 

 G. sphericum, Pronorites cyclolobus. 



