TIIK CARBONIFEROUS SYSTEM 



279 



about 

 1200 feet 



Tournaisian, 



about 



600 feet 



Dark shales with, locally, a Pendleside fauna. 



Limestone with Productus longispinus and, locally, 1 = TJ 



Dibunophyllum and Lonsdaleia ] ~ 



Pseudo-breccia with Productus undiferus = D, 



Limestone with Lithostrotion and Seminula ficoides = S., 

 Shallow - water limestone with Productus 6 and\_ 



Caninia bristolensis J ~ 



White oolite with Productus sublcevis and Cyatho- \ _ Q 



phyllum <p t 



Limestones of Paire and Yvoir with Spirifer X _ n 



Konincki, Caninia patula, and Caninia cylindrical ~ 

 Limestones and shales ("Calc - schistes") withS 



Zaphrentis and Spirifer clathratus ( = S. tornacensis) ^ = 

 Shales with Spiriferina peracuta and Zaphrentis I 



Vaughani . } 



Calc-grits and shales with Eumetria, Camarotcechia, \ _ 



and Ostracods ; the Upper Fainennian of Belgian > = 



authors J 



West of the Meuse in the Dinant area C x and C 2 take on a 

 " knoll " character and are termed Waulsortian ; the rocks are 

 massive mottled limestones with abundant Fenestellids. In these 

 beds characteristic fossils are : Spirifer princeps, S. pinguis, Productus 

 plicatilis, and Amplexus coralloides. East of the Meuse in the Dinant 

 area there is no Waulsortian phase ; the black marble of Dinant 

 ("Marbre noir") belongs, probably, to G y In the Namur basin 

 a large part of the series (Z to C 2 ) is dolomktised ("Grande 

 Dolomie "). At Vise only Dibunophyllum Beds occur, and these are 

 of the upper knoll type. 



This calcareous facies of the Dinantian can be traced eastward 

 by Liege to Limbourg (Aix la Chapelle), but when it reaches the 

 Rhine the limestones are partly replaced by shales, and what we 

 know as the Pendleside fauna extends downward through a greater 

 thickness of beds. The succession near Dusseldorf is : 



Feet. 



Shales with Posidonomya Becheri .....? 1000 

 Limestones with a Vis^an fauna ..... 300 

 Shales with Spirifer clathratus ( = S. tornacensis) . . 1500 



Brittany and Basse Loire. The Avonian Series of Brittany 

 commences with a volcanic group which is believed to have a thick- 

 ness of more than 1500 feet in the west, consisting of conglomerates 

 and felspathic tuffs with thick masses of andesite ; but these beds 

 only occur on the northern side of the basins of Chateaulin and 

 Laval. The conglomerates rest unconformably on older rocks from 

 Devonian to Cambrian, and as they contain no marine fossils their 

 zonal age is unknown. 



Above them in the Chateaulin basin is a great thickness of 

 unfossiliferous black shales with layers of felspathic sandstone, 



