326 



STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY 



2. TJie Fauna 



The Permian fauna is interesting because, as in that of the 

 Carboniferous, it may be said that we possess remains not only 

 of the marine fauna of the period, but also of the inhabitants ot 

 its great salt lakes as well as of the fresh waters and of the land. 



The typical marine fauna is only found in the east of Europe, 



'ig. 105. 



a. Walchia hypnoides. 



6. SchizodusiSchlotheimi. 



c. Productus/horridus. 



d. Spirifer alatus. 



5ROUP OF PERMIAN FOSSILS. 



c. Monotis speluncaria. 

 /. Strophalosia lamellosa. 

 g. Camarophoria Schlotheimi. 



h. Fenestella retiformis. 



extending thence into Asia and America, but in later Permian time 

 arms of this sea extended into Central Europe and into the British 

 Isles, forming landlocked inland seas and large salt lakes resembling 

 the Black Sea and the Caspian of the present day. In these areas 

 we find a limited and dwarfed assemblage of marine species. 

 This marine fauna is largely composed of species which belong to 

 Carboniferous genera, but with these are associated some new forms. 

 The following is a list of the prevalent genera, those to which an 

 asterisk is appended being new introductions : 



