374 STRATIGEAPHICAL GEOLOGY 



stages, the latter being almost the same as those proposed by 



Mojsissovics : 17 



Stages. Zones. 



f E. Juvavian 8. Avicula exilis. 



n. n XT,- f7. Trachyceras aonoides. 



Upper j D " Carmthlan J6. Trachyceras aon. 



I P TU- f 5. Trachyceras archelaus. 



\4. Trachyceras Curioni. 



H n . . J3. Ceratites trinodosus. 



Lower f B ' L \2. Ceratites binodosus. 

 \A. Werfenian 1. Tirolites cassianus. 



More recently he has proposed to combine the Norian and 

 Carinthian into one stage or series, for which he adopts the name 

 Tirolian, but the advantage of this is not very apparent. 



The "Werfenian, or /one of Myophoria costata, is fairly 

 constant in its lithological and palseontological characters through- 

 out the Alpine and Austrian region. Its prevalent facies is one of 

 red sandy micaceous shales, but in the Carnian Alps there are 

 intercalated beds of marly and dolomitic limestones, and in the 

 Tyrol it also consists of shales and limestones which have been 

 divided into two groups, the Seiss Beds and the Campil Beds. 

 The Ammonoid Tirolites cassianus is found in both provinces, 

 associated with Myophoria costata, Naticella costata (Fig. 112, No. 2), 

 and Pseudomonotis Clarce (Fig. 112, No. 1). In the South Tyrol 

 the thickness of this stage is only 300 to 500 feet. 



Dinarian, or Alpine Muschelkalk. It is at this stage that the 

 differences between the southern and northern provinces become 

 pronounced. In the Southern Alps it is represented by the 

 Virgloria limestone and its equivalent, the Mendola Dolomite, and 

 in the South Tyrol there is a lower set of bedded limestones over- 

 lain by Mendola Dolomite. In the more northern districts there 

 are two groups or zones, the Guttenstein limestone or zone of 

 Geratites binodosus and the Keiffling limestone or zone of C. 

 trinodosus. The Dinarian contains many of the same species as 

 the German AVellenkalk, notably Ccenothyris vulgaris, Terebratula 

 (Aulacothyris) angusta, Tetractinella trigonella (Fig. 112, No. 3), 

 Gervillia (Hcernesia) socialis, Myophoria vulgaris, and Encrinus 

 liliiformis. The thickness varies from 400 to 1200 feet. 



The Norian. In the southern province this comprises the 

 Buchenstein shales, with calcareous nodules containing Trachyceras 

 Curioni, and the Wengen Beds, which include black shales and 

 calcareous grits containing Trachyceras archelaus and Halobia 

 Lommeli, succeeded by thin-bedded limestones and shales with 

 Posidonomya wengensis. In the Juvavian province these are 

 replaced by the higher part of the Reiffling limestone and by the 



