TIIK TRIASSIC SYSTKM 



Wetterstein limestones, so that there the stage is wholly calcareous. 

 A large number of peculiar Ainmonoids cunic in with this series, 

 such as Pinacoceras Metternichi, P. parma, Cladiscites tornatus, 

 Arcestes ruber, and species of Diphyllites and Meyaphyllites. The 

 thickness varies from 2000 to 3000 feet. 



The Carinthian. The separation of the two provinces appears 

 to have continued through this group up to the phase of the Raibl 

 Beds, when similar conditions began to prevail over the whole 

 region. In the Mediterranean province the Wengen Beds are 

 overlain by the St. Cassian Beds, a series of fossiliferous marls, 

 shales, and limestones with occasional beds of volcanic tuff. 

 Among the large number of fossils which these beds aflbrd the 

 following may be mentioned : Trachyceras aon (Fig. 1 1 2), Choristo- 

 ceras eryx, Orthoceras elegans, Naticopsis neritacea, Halobia cassianus, 

 Anoplophora Munsteri, Cidaris dorsata, Encrinus cassianus, 

 Isocrinus propinquus, TTiamnastrea Zitteli, Koninchina Leonhardi. 

 The St. Cassian Beds are succeeded by the Baibl Beds, dark-grey 

 marls with lenticular beds of limestone and some of gypsum, the 

 chief fossil being Myophoria Kefersteini (Fig. 112, No. 10). 



In the St. Cassian area of the Tyrol a mass of dolomitic 

 limestone, the Schlern Dolomite, from 1000 to 1400 feet thick, 

 comes in between the St. Cassian and the Raibl Beds, 18 and this 

 thickens southward, replacing more and more of the beds below 

 and above till in the Schlern and Rosengarten districts it rests 

 directly on the Mendola Dolomite of the Norian stage, and is then 

 about 3000 feet thick with a small equivalent of the Raibl strata 

 at the top. Consequently it then represents both the Norian and 

 Carinthian (see Fig. 123). 



In the North Tyrol and Bavaria the St. Cassian Beds are 

 represented by the Partnach Beds with the overlying Raibl Beds, 

 but in the Austrian Alps to the eastward there is a different 

 succession, consisting of (1) the Raugraben shales, (2) the Linz 

 sandstone with plant remains, (3) the Oppouitz limestone. 



Juvavian. Finally, over the whole region we have the 

 massive dolomitic limestones known in Austria as the Hallstadt 

 and Dachstein limestones and in Lombardy as the Great or Main 

 Dolomite. These masses of limestone are several thousand feet 

 thick, but fossils are rare in them, exeept casts of the large bivalve 

 Meyalodon ; Gervillia exilis and Worthenia solitaria, though less 

 common, are characteristic species. These limestones pass up into 

 the Kossen or Rhretic limestones and are by some authors 

 regarded as Lower Rhsetic, but it is only the Upper Rhaetic or 

 zone of Avicula costata which overlies the Keuper of Germany, 

 France, and England. Hence it is almost certain that the zone 



