

T11K CRETACEOUS SYSTEM 487 



Tealby limestone, but it is nowhere more than 20 feet thick and 

 thins out soutlnvnnl. 



The caratone of this country is a brown ferruginous grit, often 

 cemented by oxide of iron into a sandstone capable of being used 

 as a building stone. Its thickness is about 40 feet, and it is only 

 at its base that fossils have been found. Some of these occur as 

 phosphatic nodules which may or may not be derived, others occur 

 in concretionary lumps of hard grit, and include Douvilleiceras 

 comuelianus, Trigonia scapha, Perna Mulleti, Isocardia angulata, and 

 Cardium subhillanum species which prove that this part of the 

 carstone is of Aptian age and comparable with the Hythe Bed*. 

 Hence we may infer that the carstone of Lincolnshire is of the 

 same age. 



4. Scotland 



Rocks of Lower Cretaceous age have been found in Caithness 

 and Aberdeen. Those of Caithness occur at Leavad near Wick 

 and appear to be in situ ; the exposure showing 20 feet of yellow 

 sand with doggers of hard calcareous sandstone, which have yielded 

 species of Craspedites, Desmoceras, Crioceras, and Hamites. 10 Cras- 

 pedites suggests a low horizon in the series. 



In Aberdeen near Cruden boulders of a glauconitic sandstone 

 or gauze occur in boulder-clay and contain fossils which form a 

 curious assemblage of Vectian and Selbornian species, but the 

 presence of Hole, speetonensis, Crioceras Duvali, and Trigonia 

 vectiana appears conclusive of their Vectian age. 11 



C. CONTINENTAL REPRESENTATIVES 



The Lower Cretaceous deposits of the European continent vary 

 greatly in their lithic components, their thickness, and their fossil 

 contents. They may be regarded as comprising three different 

 facies of the series, (1) a southern deep-sea facies typically developed 

 in the south-east of France (Dauphine* and Provence), (2) a central 

 or intermediate facies found in the Jura and Switzerland, (3) a 

 northern facies found in Germany and Russia. It will suffice to 

 describe the typical succession in each of these regions. 



1. Provence 



The finest sections in this area are those of the Montagne de 

 Lure and Mount Ventoux near Sisteron and Simiane. The most 

 recent studies of the strata forming these mountains are those of 

 MM. Kilian and Leonhardt, and I shall here follow the capable 



