490 STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY 



(Yellow limestone of Neuchatel with Toxaster complanatus, 

 Terebratula tamarindus, and Rhynchonella lata. 

 Marls of Hauterive with Hoplites radiatus, H. leopoldinus, 

 Hole. (Astieria) Astieri, and Belemnites dilatatus. 

 Marls with Bryozoa and Ostrea Couloni. 

 v , [Red oolitic limestone with Pygurus rostratus. 



200 ft I White limestone with Natica leviathan. 



[Marl and rubbly limestone with Toxaster Campichei. 



3. Germany 



The northern facies is well developed though not well exposed 

 in Hanover. In the northern part of the province there appears 

 to be a nearly complete marine series comparable with that of 

 Speeton, and according to the recent observations of von Koenen 

 the descending succession can be made out as follows : 



[Marls with Hoplites furcatus and Belemnites brunsvicensis. 

 4 | Clay with Hoplites Deshayesi. 



(day with Ancyloceras gigas and Belemnites Grasi. 

 o fClays with several species of Crioceras and Ancyloceras with 



( Belemnites brunsvicensis. 

 nf Clays with Crioceras Tombecki and C. capricornus. 



^Clays with Hoplites radiatus (noricus], 



I Clays with Polyptychites tercissus and P. psilostomus. 



(_Clays with Belemnites lateralis and Oxynoticeras Gevrili. 



The figures 1 to 4 indicate a grouping which roughly corre- 

 sponds with the Swiss and Jura stages, but the lowest marine clays 

 are not probably equivalents of the lowest Valenginian, for in 

 Southern Hanover the marine beds are underlain by a thick 

 estuarine and freshwater formation comparable with the English 

 Wealden and like it consisting of sandstones in the lower part and 

 of clays in the upper part, containing Corbula inflexa, Melania 

 strombiformis, Cyrena, and Viviparus. In some places these clays 

 have been observed to alternate with the lower marine clays, and 

 the German Wealden is probably a delta formation formed by a 

 river discharging into the Northern Sea. 



4. Russia 



The corresponding series in Eussia is best exposed on the 

 right bank of the Volga between Simbirsk and Syrzan, but its 

 total thickness is very small, being only from 50 to 60 feet, and 

 it must therefore be regarded as a condensed representative. The 

 divisions recognised by Professor Pavlow and other Russian 

 are : 



