516 STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY 



total thickness of about 250 feet, and its highest portion is found in 

 the chalk of Mendon near Paris. 



In the Campanian should be included a still higher zone, some- 

 times called Maestrichtian, which is found in Belgium near Ciply 

 and Maestricht and in a small isolated patch in the Cotentin 

 (Normandy). At Ciply there is a continuous series of chalks up to 

 the top of a phosphatic and glauconitic chalk in which the little 

 Brachiopod Thecidea papillata is abundant. Resting uu conformably 

 on this is a conglomerate of rolled phosphate nodules and fossils 

 which forms the base of the " Tuffeau de St. Symphorien," a soft 

 yellowish rock composed largely of Bryozoa and containing 

 occasional grey flints. Its fossils include Belemnitella mucronata, 

 Baculites Faujasi, Ostrea larva ( = lunata), Thecidea papillatum, 

 and Terebratula carnea. At Maestricht in Limbourg the series 

 is carried a step higher, the tuffeau with flints being overlain by 

 another set of limestones (120 feet thick), consisting of alternating 

 soft and hard beds. These also yield Bel. mucronata and Ostrea 

 larva, with Hemipneustes striatoradiatus, some Gastropoda, and 

 remains of the marine reptile Mosasaurus Camperi. 



Some writers include the Maestrichtian in the Danian, but it is 

 better to restrict the latter to deposits which are destitute of 

 Ammonites and Belemnites. Thus restricted there is no Danian 

 in the north of France or Belgium. 



2. Denmark and Sweden 



The Upper Cretaceous deposits of these two countries are of 

 special interest, because they carry the series continuously up 

 to a higher horizon than is found in England or France, and 

 include beds which seem to bridge the interval between Cretaceous 

 and Eocene. Those of Scania also are transgressive and indicate 

 the gradual northward extension of the Cretaceous Sea, which did 

 not begin to encroach on Scandinavian land till the close of the 

 M. coranguinum zone. In fact, nothing older than this zone is 

 exposed in either country. The Danish Beds are seen at Faxe and 

 Saltholm, where the succession is : 



5. Chalky limestone with flints, Nautilus danicus, Holaster faxensis, 



Ananchytes sulcatus, Terebratula carnea. 



4. Limestone with Gerithium faxense and Baculites vertebralis. 

 3. Clay with fish remains and Ostrea lateralis. 

 2. White chalk with Belemnitella mucronata. 

 1. Chalky limestone with Actinocamax granulatus. 



No. 2 is regarded as the top of the Campanian, and the higher beds 

 as a separate stage under the name of Danian. 



