554 STKATIGKAPHICAL GEOLOGY 



The Calcaire Grossier is succeeded by a set of sands known as 

 the Sables Moyens or Sables de Beauchamp, which are about 30 

 feet thick. They form the zone of Num. variolarius and N. 

 Heberti, and are also found at Anvers on the Oise, whence Mr. 

 Dollfus has called them Anversian. 16 Near Paris they are sur- 

 mounted by a freshwater limestone, the Calcaire de Ducy, the 

 fauna of which is different from that of the higher limestones. 



Bartonian. The argillaceous facies of this stage does not 

 appear to exist in the Paris basin, where it is represented by sands 

 alternating with freshwater limestones in the following succession, 

 and having a total thickness of from 100 to 120 feet : 



4. Calcaire de Noisy with Limncea longiscata. 



3. Sables de Marines with Oorbula pisum, Natica ambulacrum, and 



Voluta athleta. 



2. Calcaire de St. Ouen with Limncea longiscata. 

 1. Sables de Mortefontaine with Avicula, Potamides tricarinatus, and 



Pot. concavus ( =pleurotomoidcs). 



3. Southern Europe 



After the general uplift which took place at the close of 

 Cretaceous time (see p. 524) the south of Europe seems to have 

 remained for a time above sea-level, but it gradually sank again 

 and was covered by a sea which occupied the whole of the Medi- 

 terranean region. The mountain ranges of the Pyrenees, the Alps, 

 and the Apennines were not yet in existence, and the Eocene or 

 Nummulitic Sea extended from the north of Spain and south of 

 France through the Alpine region to Bavaria and the Carpathian 

 Mountains, and through Italy to the Balkan States, Greece, and 

 Asia Minor. It also occupied parts of Northern Africa. 



The northern parts of this sea were shallow, and the deposits 

 are mainly arenaceous ; the central parts were deep, and the preva- 

 lent deposits are limestones crowded with species of Nummulites. 



Thus in Bavaria and near Vienna the Eocene consists of 



3. The Vienna Sandstone (upper part), which in Hungary contains 



Num. striatus and at Having in the Tyrol includes a thick seam 



of coal. 

 2. Vienna Sandstone (middle part) and Kressenberg Beds of Bavaria, 



sands and marls with a bed of limestone, Num. complanatus, 



and N. perforatus. 

 1. Burberg Beds ; greeusands with small Nummulites, Orbitoides and 



Opercuiina. Probably of London Clay age. 



Nothing comparable with the lowest Eocene deposits of England 

 and France has yet been found in Central Europe, large parts of 

 which must have been land, for a special feature in the Vienna 

 Sandstone Series is the occurrence of beds of coarse conglomerate 



