Insecta. 1 1 



8. At the base of the labium is the brown tongue. 



9. Attached to the base of the labium is a pair of short, jointed 

 appendages, the labial palps. What is the relation between the 

 tongue and the labium ? 



10. If the above-named parts have been carefully removed, 

 there will remain one pair of appendages, smaller jaws, called the 

 maxillae. Make out that each maxilla consists of three parts : 



a. An outer, jointed part, the maxillary palp. 



b. A spoon-shaped piece covering c. 



c. The brown, incurved maxilla proper. Examine with a 

 lens, then with forceps remove the whole maxilla, being sure to 

 get the basal part. 



1 1 . Cut the head off a fresh specimen ; lay it on the table and 

 make a careful drawing of the face, naming all the parts. 



12. Draw the head as seen from the side. 



THE THORAX. 



1. The wide collar, or cape, back of the head is the main part 

 of the prothorax ; make a drawing of it as seen from the side. 



2. The remainder of the thorax is formed by the union of two 

 parts, each bearing a pair of legs, the part to which the middle 

 pair of legs is attached being the mesothorax, the hinder legs aris- 

 ing from the metathorax. Look for the line separating these two 

 parts of the thorax. 



3. Look just above the second pair of legs for a narrow opening, 

 guarded by a pair of lips, which, in the live grasshopper, keep 

 opening and closing ; this is a breathing pore, or spiracle. Look 

 for another spiracle on the soft skin under the posterior edge of 

 the prothorax on each side. 



4. Carefully compare the prothorax, mesothorax, and meta- 

 thorax in size, shape, and structure. 



THE WINGS. 



i. Notice the position of the outer (upper or anterior) wings, 

 and their mode of overlapping. 



