COMMERCE. 



229 



Valae. 



Alcohol, bbls 807 ?1-,420 



Apples 24,127 



Bacon, assorted, hhds. and casks. .. 651,6SO 



' assorted, boxes 



- hams, hhds. and tic-re 3.420 



" in bulk, Ibs 784,399 219,631 



Ba -'-'in- pieces 1,223 19.202 



rope, coils 2,455 88.347 



Beans, bbls :. 2,09S 25,176 



Batter, kegs ajid firkins 5,036 201.440 



u bbls 322 37.030 



Bran, sacks C5.746 104,365 



Beef,bbls 6,561 164,275 



" tierces 7,061 211.830 



Cotton, bales 3S.S80 1,769,040 



Corn, in ear, bbls 22.216 44,432 



" shelled, sacks 315.052 899,608 



Cottonseed - 142.312 



Cheese, boxes 3.941 89,410 



Candles 5.265 52,650 



Dried apples and peaches, bbls 1,262 15.144 



Feathers, bass 51 1.275 



Flaxsecd, tierces.' 16 400 



Flour, bbls. 281,645 3,661.385 



Glassware, packascs 1.915 



Hides, number of. 11.885 35.595 



Hay, bales i 40.573 426.069 



Iron, piz. tons 59 2,360 



Lard, bbls. and tierces 6,069 804.485 



keas 4,290 77.220 



Leather, bundles i 10.340 775.5i>n 



Lime, western, bbls 27.612 82.836 



Lead, p;<rs 1,967 15.736 



kes and boxes 36 720 



Molasses (estimated crop), galls. ... 3G.9S2.5u5 6.703.n79 



-xs ". ' 4.VJ48 174.589 



Onions, bbls 2.419 16,9*3 



Oil, linseed 5 400 



' 'castor 50 10,000 



" lard 339 23.730 



Potatoes 68.269 682.690 



Pork, tierces and bbls 11,452 4.X"-<i 



" boxes 51 



" hhds 370 74,000 



li in bulk, Ibs 610,219 122.043 



Porter and ale, bbls 361 8,610 



Packing yarn, reels ' 10 200 



Pace, casks i 23,476 9S5.992 



Rosin, bbls 277 1.103 



Rum 5,333 149.324 



' Skins, deer, packs 53 1,060 



Shot, kess 4 100 



Soap, boxes 67,416 



Spirits turpentine, bbls. 2,716 



Staves, M 9 555 



Shingles 1,475 8,850 



Sugar (estimated crop), hhds. 459,410 25,092,974 



Spanish moss, bales 500 10.000 



Tallow, ibis 7'.'J 27.720 



Tobacco, leaf, hhds 1,003 | 200,600 



" strips r, i 24.000 



" che wins, kess and boxes.. 6.36<> , 127,320 



Twine, bundles and boxes ji'> l.r/jij 



WooLbaga 3.<.v> 231.300 



Whiskey, bbls l.T.Vi 70,400 



Wheat, "sacks 36,411 218.466 



Other various articles, estimated at. 5,000,000 



Total value $51 510.990 



inlSGO-'61 155.863,564 



ia lNJ9-'60 185,211,254 



" inl858~'S9 172.952.664 



' in 1S57-'5S 167.155,546 



The aggregate shows a decline of more than 

 100 millions upon the year's business, consisting 

 mostly of cotton, which did not arrive at that 

 port from the interior during its military occu- 

 pation, since the military commander failed 

 to inspire confidence among the planters in 

 respect to the safety of property. On page 113, 

 "Annual Cyclopaedia of 1861,"" will be found 

 the returns for the years 1860 and 1861 a com- 

 parison indicating the vast decline in the re- 

 ceipts of western products, mostly coal and 

 provisions. The blockade of the river cut off 



the usual routine of commerce, by which the 

 West, in sending produce South, makes ex- 

 change with which it pays the cost for goods 

 consumed at the West. There was nearly $12,- 

 000,000 less pork received thence, 3i millions 

 less tobacco, and 11 millions less corn and wheat 

 making nearly 27 millions less value for 

 those three articles, of which the West Avas de- 

 prived, and which necessarily diminished its 

 means of purchasing goods ; on the other hand, 

 the West was deprived of its usual supplies of 

 sugar and cotton. The receipts of sugar at New 

 Orleans were very large, in consequence of the 

 plantations being within reach of the troops ; and 

 there being no other outlet for the crops, the 

 value, even under the extraordinary proceed- 

 ings of the commanders at that point, reached 

 $31,796,053. The vessels which sought New 

 Orleans from the North on the opening of the 

 port found no outward cargoes that would pay. 



The opening of the ports in North Carolina 

 and South Carolina was not more successful. A 

 small quantity of Sea Island cotton was seized 

 by the troops at Port Royal, and sent forward 

 in gunny bags, unginned and dirty. Attempts 

 made to plant and raise it were unsuccessful. 

 Some efforts to open trade with North Caro- 

 lina, by sending down assorted cargoes from 

 the North, ended disastrously, and were not 

 renewed. Naval stores, therefore, continued 

 to command a very high price at the North. 



The internal condition of the country during 

 the year had much influence upon its external 

 commerce, since a very large proportion of its 

 industry was turned in a military direction, 

 and the accustomed demand for goods and sup- 

 plies for exports, was greatly interfered with. 

 More than 700,000 men were called into the 

 army and navy during the year, and the num- 

 ber who were engaged in the service of the 

 Government in all departments, was represented 

 at nearly 1,200,000. The accustomed sources 

 of revenue for these persons were changed for 

 Government pay, and this, to the extent of, in 

 round numbers, 500 millions, flowed from the 

 Treasury through the hands of individuals to 

 the support of their families in all the States, 

 satisfying their necessary wants, but some- 

 what changing the character of the articles 

 consumed, while those usually produced be- 

 came less abundant. The natural tendency 

 under such circumstances is for prices to rise, 

 and this tendency was accelerated by the paper 

 paid out by the Government in such quantities 

 as to causa it rapidly to depreciate. The first 

 effect of this state of affairs was to induce 

 larger imports, and to diminish exports, caus- 

 ing an outward flow of the precious metals 

 which gave a new impetus to the decline of the 

 currency. Other circumstances combined to 

 push on these effects. 



For the first time the trade of the entire year 

 1862 was confined to the Northern ports, and 

 Baltimore, Philadelphia, Boston, and NewYork, 

 were the points of exports as well as of im- 

 ports for the whole country. The exports from 



