542 



KENTUCKY. 



property, and, if need be, the lives of her children, in 

 defence of that Constitution under which alone we can 

 ever hope to enjoy national liberty. We deny what 

 has been so often asserted by that party, that the ques- 

 tion of slavery is the cause of the war. Disappointed 

 ambition, grovelling lust of office and power produced 

 it. Slavery was but the pretext for the execution ot a 

 purpose long nourished to overthrow the Government. 



The report closed with a recommendation that 

 a system of gradual emancipation of slaves be 

 declined. This course was followed by the Legis- 

 lature, and no action taken on the subject. On 

 other subjects its action was such as to sustain 

 the Federal Government in the great objects for 

 which the war was originally declared to have 

 been undertaken. 



The Assembly, although expressing a convic- 

 tion that the quota of troops from the State, un- 

 der the calls of the President made in July and 

 September, would be raised by voluntary en- 

 listment, nevertheless passed an act authorizing 

 a draft by a vote of 64 to 9. On the approach 

 of the Confederate force to Lexington, in Sep- 

 tember, the Legislature adjourned to Louisville, 

 where it convened. The archives of the State 

 Were also removed. 



A statement of the financial condition of the 

 State on the 31st of July reported the sum of 

 $423,935 in the treasury, of which $84,169 be- 

 longed to the revenue fund; $169,419 to the 

 sinking fund ; $126,347 to the school fund ; and 

 $43,998 to the military fund. 



The more important military movements 

 within the State will be found described under 

 ARMY OPERATIONS. 



On the 9th of June, Gen. J. T. Boyle assumed 

 command of the Federal forces in Kentucky. 

 On the 9th he issued the following order of in- 

 structions to his officers, thereby indicating the 

 course which would be pursued by him : 



1. All peaceful and law-abiding citizens and resi- 

 dents of the State must be protected in their persons, 

 property, and rights ; but citizens and residents who 

 joined the so-called Confederate forces, or gave them aid 

 or assistance, or went within their lines without license 

 from the proper authorities, and have returned, or 

 may return, and be repentant for their conduct, must 

 report themselves to Col. Henry Dent, provost marshal 

 of Louisville, Col. S. D. Bruce, at Bowling Green, Ma- 

 jor Brocht, provost marshal of Lexington, or Col. 

 Noble at Paducah, and furnish evidence of such repent- 

 ance, and take the oath of allegiance, and give bonds 

 and security for their future good conduct, and if they 

 fail so to report themselves, they must be arrested and 

 committed to the military prison at Louisville, and scut 

 thence to Camp Chase, with a statement of their case, 

 to await the action of the Secretary of War. 



2. All persons who organize or aid in organizing 

 forces for the rebellion, or organize or aid in organizing 

 guerillas, or harbor or conceal, or give information or 

 assistance to guerillas, must be arrested and dealt 

 with according to military law. 



3. In times of trouble like these, good, law-abiding 

 men will refrain from language and conduct that ex- 

 cite to rebellion. For anything said or done with the 

 intent to excite to rebellion, the offender must be ar- 

 rested and his conduct reported, that he may be dealt 

 with according to law. 



4. When damage shall be done to the person or 

 property of loyal citizens by marauding bands or gue- 

 rillas, the disloyal of the neigbourhood or county will 

 be held responsible, and a military commission ap- 

 pointed to assess damages and enforce compensation. 



5. All arrests will be reported to these headquarters, 

 with a descriptive list of the prisoners, and a full state- 

 ment of the case, and the substance of the evidence, 

 and names and residences of the witnesses. 

 By command of Brigadier General BOYLE. 



About this time some of the lower counties 

 of the State began to be troubled by guerillas, 

 who committed all kinds of outrages, and kept 

 the inhabitants in a constant state of alarm. 

 Horses and all other valuable property were 

 seized by them, chiefly from Union men, but 

 often from their own friends. 



At this time, about the 10th of July, a report 

 that Col. John Morgan was approaching Lex- 

 ington and Frankfort created much excitement 

 in Cincinnati. Troops were immediately de- 

 spatched from the camps in Ohio, and Lexing- 

 ton was occupied and placed under martial law. 



On the 17th of July, Cynthiana, a village on 

 the south fork of the Licking river, thirty-seven 

 miles northeast of Frankfort, was occupied by 

 Col. Morgan, with a mounted force of about 

 two thousand men. At the same time Hen- 

 derson, a town on the Ohio river, two hundred 

 miles below Louisville, was occupied by a 

 guerilla force. A portion of the same crossed 

 the Ohio to Newburgh, and captured a number 

 of arms, and made several prisoners. 



The effect of these movements was to pro- 

 duce an immediate organization of the citizens 

 for self-defence, which served to check them 

 for a period, and to cause Col. Morgan to retire. 

 Previously, however, Gen. G. C. Smith took 

 command of the forces at Lexington, and 

 marched in pursuit of Col. Morgan, whom he 

 encountered near Paris. Col. Morgan was de- 

 feated with the loss of a small number killed, 

 and twelve taken prisoners. Col. Morgan re- 

 tired toward Winchester, and was rapidly pur- 

 sued by Gen. Smith, who had been reenforced. 



A guerilla force was also congregated at 

 Hawesville on the Kentucky river. 



On the 29th of July Eusselville, on the south 

 of Louisville, was occupied by guerillas, and 

 on the 30th Mt. Sterling was attacked, but the 

 enemy were repulsed by the Home Guards. 

 In their retreat they were met by a party of 

 the 8th Kentucky, under Major Bacht, and se- 

 verely handled, losing all their horses, and 

 several men killed. 



On the 22d of August, the 54th Indiana was 

 attacked at Bowling Green, by a guerilla force 

 under Col. Woodward, with three pieces of ar- 

 tillery, to whom the former surrendered. 

 Active operations now ensued under Gen. 

 Bragg, and the guerillas were concentrated in 

 his command. Col. Morgan, in a despatch by 

 telegraph (of. which he had taken possession of 

 a station) to a former friend and Union man, 

 boasted that he had captured seventeen cities, 

 destroyed millions of property, and paroled 

 1,500 Federal prisoners. These guerilla oper- 

 ations, by bands of men collected in Kentucky, 

 were continued, throughout the year. The 

 more formidable bands were organized under 

 the act of the Confederate Congress to create 

 " Partisan Hangers." 



