552 



LOUISIANA. 



Sir J. Kay Shuttleworth's " History of Our 

 Educational System in the Four Periods of 

 1832, 1839, 1846, and 1852;" and Dr. G. H. 

 Townsend's "Manual of Dates." 



The publishers of Mr. Charles Knight's "Eng- 

 lish Cyclopaedia " issued a " Synoptical Index " 

 of the four divisions of that work, giving great 

 facility of reference to the different sections. 



The number of books issued in the extensive 

 departments of fiction and juvenile literature 

 was very great ; but most of those possessing 

 a high order of merit were reprinted in the 

 United States. The whole number of original 

 works published in Great Britain during the 

 year was somewhat above 3,000, beside reprints 

 and translations. 



LOUISIANA, the great sugar-producing State 

 in the southwestern part of the United States, 

 has a population, according to the census of 

 1860, of 357,629 whites, 18, 647 free colored, and 

 331,726 slaves; total, 708,002. The ratio of 

 increase in her population during the previous 

 ten years has been, white 39.98, free colored 

 6.78, slave 35.50. The white male population 

 was 189,648, female 167,808. The population 

 of New Orleans in 1860 was 168,675; in 1850 

 it was 116,375 increase in ten years, 52,300. 

 The increase in the whole State during the 

 same period was 180,240. The number of 

 slaves manumitted in ten years was 517; the 

 number of fugitives, 46. The mortality in the 

 State during the year ending May 31, 1860, was 

 12,329. The most fatal diseases were consump- 

 tion, diarrhoea, dysentery, fevers, and pneumo- 

 nia. The number of deaf mutes was 215, of 

 whom 38 were slaves. The industrial products 

 of the State during the year ending June 1, 

 1860, were as follows : Iron founderies $525,- 

 800; lumber, $1,018,554; flour and meal, $11,- 

 694; cotton goods, $509,700; leather, $47,- 

 000. Total value of all products of industry, 

 $15,500,000. The value of real and personal 

 estate was $602,118,568. Improved lands 2,- 

 734,901 acres, unimproved 6,765,879, value of 

 farms or plantations $215,565,421. Number 

 of horses 79,068, mules and asses 92,259, milch 

 cows 130,672, working oxen 61,008*, other cat- 

 tle 329,855, sheep 180,855, swine 642,855 ; to- 

 tal value of live stock $24,751,822. Crops 

 raised were as follows : Wheat, 29,282 bushels ; 

 rye, 12,789 bush.; corn, 16,205,856 bush.; 

 oats, 65,845 bush. ; rice, 6,455,017 Ibs. ; tobac- 

 co, 40,610 Ibs. ; cotton, 722,218 bales of 400 

 Ibs. each ; wool, 296,187 Ibs. ; peas and beans, 

 430,410 bushels; potatoes, Irish, 332,725 bush. ; 

 potatoes, sweet, 2,070,901 bush. ; sugar, 297,- 

 816 hhds. ; molasses, 14,535,157 galls.; miles 

 of railroads, 334; cost of construction, $12,- 

 020,204. 



The educational institutions of the State 

 consisted of the University of Louisiana, Col- 

 lege of the Immaculate Conception, St. Charles 

 College, Centenary College, Washington Col- 

 lege, Mt. Lebanon University, and St. Joseph's 

 College. Some of them are now closed in con- 

 sequence of the war. 



The change which took place in the political 

 and military affairs of the State previous to the 

 occupation of New Orleans by the Federal 

 forces, on May 1, is unimportant. Her com- 

 merce was entirely cut off by the blockade, 

 and the stagnation produced by the war was 

 chiefly experienced at New Orleans, where 

 large numbers were obliged to resort to the 

 free market, established by the city, to procure 

 subsistence. The number of troops which had 

 been sent by the State to Virginia up to the 

 beginning of February was small. They con- 

 sisted of the following regiments and bat- 

 talions : the 1st, Col. Vincent ; 2d, Col. W. M. 

 Levy; 5th, Col. T. G. Hunt; 6th, Col. I. G. 

 Leymore ; 7th, Col. H. T. Hays ; 8th, Col. H. D. 

 Kelly; 9th, Col. E. G. Randolph; 10th, Col. 

 M. Marigny ; 14th, Col. V. Sulakouski ; bat- 

 talions: Washington artillery, 1st, 3d, and 4th, 

 Wheat's battalion, St. Paul's battalion, Louis- 

 iana zouaves, and three independent cim- 

 panies. 



Military affairs, however, continued stagnant 

 until the advance of the Federal forces at the 

 West aroused the Confederate States to the 

 danger which threatened them. Gen. Beaure- 

 gard was then sent to take command in the West, 

 and President Davis issued a call for more 

 troops. On the 14th of February, Gov. Moore 

 issued a proclamation calling for volunteers to 

 meet this requisition from President Davis for 

 five and a half regiments. 



On the 16th Fort Donelson was captured, 

 and the Federal advance was immediately made 

 upon Nashville. Gen. Beauregard, aware of 

 the true state of affairs, immediately sent the 

 most pressing requests to the governors of 

 . Tennessee, Mississippi, and Louisiana for 

 troops. The urgency of this appeal is devel- 

 oped by the entreaties which the governor 

 and the messenger of Gen. Beauregard ad- 

 dressed to the people. The governor's appeal 

 was as follows : 



FELLOW-CITIZENS AND SOLDIERS : I address you to- 

 day iii a double capacity, as governor and Comman- 

 der-in-chief. A call has been made upon me by Gen. 

 Beauregard for 5,000 men to defend the Mississippi 

 Valley, and with it your loved State, this beautiful 

 city, and more than all, our homes and those dearer 

 than all else, save honor. The laggard and the das- 

 tard await the foe at the very shrine of the sanc- 

 tuary. It is the part of the brave and noble hearted 

 to meet him at the threshold or beyond it; and did we 

 choose any other portion we wonld be false to our 

 history and traditions, recreant to our brothers' 

 blood, which stained the hard fought fields of Vir- 

 ginia and Missouri, and unworthy of the high gift 

 of independence sanctified by the blood of patriot 

 martyrs. 



This is not the hour for vain regrets or despondency. 

 No, not even for hesitation. An insolent and power- 

 ful foe is already at the castle gate the current of the 

 mighty river speaks to us of his fleet advancing for our 

 destruction, and the telegraph wires tremble with the 

 news of his advancing columns. In the name of all 

 most dear to us, I entreat you go meet him. A brave 



feneral, fellow-citizens, calls for you, and his patriot 

 cart feels you will come. Laurels have already clus- 

 tered around his brow, and he calls you to share with 

 him new honors and new victories.' Sacrifices must 

 be made, but the recollection of them will nerve 



