562 



MASSACHUSETTS. 



1862 the State had about 1,550 miles of railroad 

 in operation, or under construction, in which 

 upward of $60,000,000 have been invested. 

 The total value of her real and personal prop- 

 erty amounted to $815,237,433, which was ex- 

 ceeded by that of only 4 other States. The 

 number of newspapers and periodicals pub- 

 lished in the State was 232, and their aggregate 

 circulation was 102,000, 760 copies. (See UNITED 

 STATES.) 



In January, 1862, tho Legislature met and 

 organized, by the choice of John H. Clifford, as 

 president of the Senate, and Alexander H. Bul- 

 lock, as speaker of the House of Representatives, 

 both being the candidates of the republicans, 

 who were in a large majority. John A. An- 

 drew was at the same time inaugurated as 

 governor of the State, a post which he had 

 filled during the previous year. The amount 

 of debts and liabilities of the State was stated 

 to be $10,988,345.56, of which $1,368,000 were 

 floating, and the remainder funded debt. The 

 resources amounted to $14,835,161.27, of which 

 $3,205,744.98 were unproductive, leaving a sur- 

 plus over the liabilities of the State of $3,846,- 

 241.62. 



One of the first acts of the Legislature was to 

 provide for the protection of the chief seaports 

 of the State in the event of a foreign war, with- 

 out waiting for the tardy and uncertain action 

 of the National Government, from which how- 

 ever a reimbursement for moneys expended 

 was expected. A resolution was accordingly 

 adopted as follows : 



That his Excellency, the Governor, by and with the 

 advice and consent of the council, be and he is hereby 

 authorized to enter into contracts on behalf of the Com- 

 monwealth for the manufacture of suitable ordnance 

 for the coast defences of Massachusetts, to an amount 

 not exceeding five" hundred thousand dollars, after ad- 

 vertising for proposals therefor; provided, that the 

 work shall be done under the supervision of officers to 

 be appointed by the Government of the United States. 



In accordance with this resolution the arma- 

 ment of the fortifications in Boston harbor and 

 at New Bedford, was put on a war footing, and 

 plans were prepared by the engineer and ord- 

 nance officers of the State, for the fortification 

 of other ports in Massachusetts, by earth works 

 to be thrown up in a few days, in cases of ne- 

 cessity. 



The following resolutions reported by the 

 Committee on Federal Relations were adopted 

 on April 30, in relation to the act passed by 

 the General Assembly of Maryland for the re- 

 lief of the families of the killed and wounded 

 of Massachusetts at Baltimore, on the 19th of 

 April, 1861 : 



Resolved, That the Commonwealth of Massachusetts 

 hereby acknowledges the liberal appropriation of her 

 sister State of Maryland, for the relief of the wounded, 

 and of the families of the killed of the Sixth regiment 

 of Massachusetts volunteers, in the lamentable occur- 

 rences at Baltimore on the 19th of April, 1861. The 

 people o'f Massachusetts will welcome with sincere and 

 cordial satisfaction this evidence of the generous sym- 

 pathy of the people of Maryland, which will tend to re- 

 store and strengthen that kind of fraternal feeling which 



should ever exist between the citizens of the different 

 States of this Union. 



Resolved, That his Excellency, the Governor, be re- 

 quested to transmit a copy of this resolve to his Excel- 

 lency, the Governor of Maryland, with the request that 

 it be laid before her Legislature at its next session. 



On Jan. 1, 1862, Massachusetts had sent to 

 the field (including 3,736 three months' volun- 

 teers) 33,636 men, and had also contributed 

 11,000 men to the navy. Six months later she 

 had in actual service 26 regiments of infantry, 

 1 of cavalry, 1 of heavy artillery, 8 batteries of 

 light artillery, and 2 companies of sharpshoot- 

 ers, beside 3 additional regiments in process of 

 recruitment, all of which were enlisted for three 

 years ; and the number of seamen for the navy 

 furnished by her was estimated at from 12,000 

 to 18,000. 



On May 19th the U. S. adjutant-general tele- 

 graphed from Washington to Gov. Andrew, 

 requesting to know how soon he could raise 

 and organize three or four more infantry regi- 

 ments, and have them ready to be forwarded, 

 armed and equipped, to the seat of war. The 

 governor, in reply, sent, the following commu- 

 nication to Secretary Stanton : 



A call so sudden and unexpected finds me without 

 materials for an intelligent reply. Our young men are 

 all preoccupied with other views. Still, if a real call 

 for three regiments is made, I believe we can raise 

 them in forty days. The arms and equipments would 

 need to be furnished here. Our people have never 

 marched without them. They go into camp while 

 forming into regiments, and are drilled and practised 

 with arms and muskets as soldiers. To attempt the 

 other course would dampen enthusiasm, and make the 

 men feel that they were not soldiers but a mob. 



Again : if our people feel that they are going into the 

 South to help to fight rebels who will kill and destroy 

 them, by all means known to savages as well as civil- 

 ized men ; will deceive them by fraudulent flags of truce 

 and lying pretences, as they did the Massachusetts boys 



at Williamsburg ; will use their negro slaves against 

 them both as laborers and fighting men, while they 

 themselves must never fire at the enemy's magazine, I 



think they will feel the draft is heavy on their patriot- 

 ism. But if the President will sustain General Hunter, 

 and recognize all men, even black men, as legally ca- 

 pable of that loyalty the blacks are waiting to manifest, 

 and let them fight with God and human nature on their 

 side, the roads would swarm, if need be, with multi- 

 tudes whom New England would pour out to obey 

 your call. 



Always ready to do my utmost, I remain, most faith- 

 fully, your obedient servant, 



JOHN A. ANDREW. 



A few days later came the intelligence of the 

 sudden march of the Confederate Gen. Jack- 

 son down -the valley of the Shenandoah, and 

 of the retreat of Gen. Banks's small army and 

 the imminent danger apprehended at Wash- 

 ington. The northern and eastern States re- 

 sponded with eagerness to the call of the Gov- 

 ernment for aid, and among the first to take 

 active measures in that behalf was Gov. An- 

 drew, who, forgetting the scruples which he 

 had urged in his previous communication, is- 

 sued a proclamation. (See page 108.) 



With an alacrity which rivalled that of their 

 ancestors, the " minute " men of the Revolution, 

 the citizens of Massachusetts responded at once 

 to the call of the governor, and on the sue- 



