660 



NORTH CAROLINA. 



These figures do not embrace the Harlem or 

 4th avenue railroad, nor include the omnibus 

 travel. The number carried in each year in- 

 creased annually until 1860, when it culmi- 

 nated. The war seems to have produced a 

 diminution of the number carried. The popu- 

 lation of the city increased daring the ten 

 years ending with 1860, nearly 300,000 but a 

 large proportion of the passengers carried were 

 strangers in the city. The number for 1860 

 exceeded by a few millions the whole popu- 

 lation of the Union. 



The colleges and academies of the State 

 showed the usual degree of prosperity in tho 

 year 1862. There were 17 colleges in the State 

 in. operation, and three more in progress for 

 females only. There are three others in course 

 of organization. There are also 10 theological 

 seminaries. Three are Roman Catholic. The 

 number of medical schools is eleven of law 

 schools 5 are in operation, including the law 

 school of Columbia College. Three colleges 

 have first graduate scientific courses. There is 

 also an agricultural college at Ovid, and the 

 Polytechnic Institute at Troy. 



The report of the regents of the university 

 give the number of incorporated academies at 

 226 ; of them 220 made reports. The capital 

 and investment were $2,929,083, and debt 323,- 

 681. The cash receipts were $646,623. Teach- 

 ers 1 salaries $436,920 number of teachers, 

 1,043. The number of volumes in the libraries, 

 129,275. The number of students in attend- 

 ance was 35,748, against 37,929 in the previous 

 year. The existence of the war seemed to have 

 an influence in diminishing the attendance. 



NORTH CAROLINA, one of the original 

 thirteen States of the Union, increased in popu- 

 lation 23,583 during the ten years terminating 

 in June, 1860. The further details furnished 

 by the census of 1860 respecting North Caro- 

 lina will be found under UNITED STATES, to 

 which the reader is referred. 



At the approach of Gen. Burnside's com- 

 mand upon the coast of North Corolina much 

 confidence was felt on the part of the authori- 

 ties that they would be able to make a success- 

 ful resistance. A few days served to dispel 

 these delusions, and change the aspect of their 

 situation. The entire coast was exposed to the 

 invasion of the Federal troops. This change 

 quenched a spirit of dissatisfaction with the 

 Confederate Government, which was beginning 

 to prevail under grievances that the State had 

 suffered. Efforts, however, were now made to 

 prevent the advance of the Federal troops into 



the interior, and to make as successful opposi- 

 tion to their movements as might be possible. 



On the 13th of February the adjutant-gen- 

 eral of the State, by order of the governor, is- 

 sued a call for five regiments of volunteers for 

 the war to make up the quota of the State in 

 the Confederate army. A bounty of fifteen 

 dollars was offered to each volunteer to be 

 paid by tho State, and fifty dollars by the Con- 

 federate States. 



When the subject of conscription was under 

 consideration in the Confederate Congress, the 

 people and the press of North Carolina gener- 

 ally took most decided grounds against it, as 

 looking to a military despotism, as subvert- 

 ing the constitution and as destructive of 

 personal liberty. It was said, " a panic pre- 

 vails in the country, and those in authority 

 have but to ask for power on the ground of 

 military necessity, and the oldest and most 

 sacred safeguards of freedom are yielded with- 

 out a question." At the same time the Con- 

 federate Government sent an agent into the 

 State to borrow, purchase, or, if necessary, im- 

 press all the arms in the hands of the citizens. 

 This whole action was looked upon as, on the 

 one hand, calling into the field, as hireling 

 soldiers, all the fighting men between eighteen 

 and thirty-five, and, on the other hand, dis- 

 arming the remainder of the population. The 

 governor, on the 15th of April, issued a proc- 

 lamation to the citizens, stating that they 

 would be protected in preserving from seizure 

 their private arms as a means of self-defence, 

 but requesting them to give information of all 

 public arms. 



By the action of the Legislature in encourag- 

 ing private enterprise, an establishment was 

 put in operation at Raleigh at the beginning of 

 the year, which manufactured about two thou- 

 sand pounds of powder daily. It bore a satis- 

 factory trial in comparison with the Dupont 

 powder. 



The State convention, called into existence 

 in 1861, for the purpose of passing the ordi- 

 nance of secession, assembled at an adjourned 

 session on the 21st of April. It was thought 

 that such circumstances had occurred as to 

 dispose many of its members to repeal that 

 ordinance if it had been practicable. 



The election for State officers in North 

 Carolina takes place on the second Thursday 

 in August. Some months before this election 

 the person who should be the next governor of 

 the State became a subject of active discus- 

 sion. One party desired a man who was not a 



