OBITUARIES. 



OS'J 



moted, was removed to the Madras Presidency, 

 and served against the Mahrattas. In 1839 

 he was placed in command of the Bombay col- 

 umn of the army of the Indus, in which he 

 served during the whole Affghan campaign. 

 He commanded the force that captured the 

 fortress of 'Khelat, in 1839, and for this brilliant 

 exploit was made a baronet, and received the 

 thanks of both Houses of Parliament. In 1840 

 he was obliged to return to England for the re- 

 covery of his health, after which he accepted 

 the command of Chatham, which he held five 

 years, and resigned on attaining the rank of 

 major-general. 



June IT. MOXTAXELLI GIUSEPPE, an Italian 

 statesman, scholar and reformer, died at Flor- 

 ence, Italy. He was born in 1813, at Zucec- 

 chio, in Tuscany, and at an early age gave evi- 

 dence of the possession of rare talents. "While 

 yet a boy he attained a very high reputation as 

 an organist and musical composer. Turning 

 his attention to the study of law, he obtained, 

 at the age of eighteen, the degree of Doctor of 

 Laws. He also occupied a portion of his time 

 with literature, engaged with great zeal in phil- 

 osophical studies, and, at the age of twenty- 

 three, published a volume of poems of very 

 remarkable merit. Entering upon the practice 

 of his profession, he took the first rank as a 

 pleader, and, at the age of twenty- seven, was 

 chosen professor of Tuscan and commercial 

 law in the University of Pisa. "While occupy- 

 ing this chair he published numerous works on 

 subjects connected with the study of law, one 

 of which, " A philosophical Introduction to 

 the Study of Commercial Law," is still consid- 

 ered the ablest treatise published on the sub- 

 ject. He was, from early youth, deeply im- 

 bued with liberal and republican sentiments, and 

 in 1844 organized a secret association called the 

 a Italian Brothers," whose fundamental princi- 

 ple was " the elevation and moral improvement 

 of the individual as the necessary basis of the 

 regeneration of the nation." In 1847 he estab- 

 lished a journal called " Italy," in which he 

 openly propagated the liberal views he had pre- 

 viously disseminated by his circulars among 

 the " Brotherhood." In the revolution of 1848 

 he volunteered, and led the University Legion, 

 composed of his brother professors and stu- 

 dents, to join the Tuscan contingent, and on 

 the 29th of May encountered Radetzki and the 

 Austrians on the bloody field of Mantua. In 

 this battle he was severely wounded, and left 

 upon the field for dead. The intelligence of his 

 supposed death caused great grief throughout 

 Italy, and in all the principal cities of the pe- 

 ninsula imposing funeral services were held in 

 honor of the "martyr of the national cause.'' 

 He had been, however, taken from the field by 

 the Austrians, and sent to the Lower Tyrol as 

 a prisoner, where he recovered from his 

 wounds, and, in August, was set free by the 

 armistice, and returned to Tuscany, where he 

 was received with enthusiasm. The Grand 

 Duke, who had been compelled to grant a con- 



VOL. IL-44 



stitutional government to the people, appointed 

 Montanelli governor of Livourna, then in a 

 state of insurrection. He quieted the \- 

 .and the Grand Duke next called him to form a 

 ministry, and made him Minister of Foreign 

 Affairs and President of Council. The reac- 

 tionary tendencies of the Grand Duke were so 

 evident, however, that the people were with 

 difficulty restrained from insurrection, and in 

 January, 1849, he fled from his capital. The 

 people at once, and by acclamation, nominated 

 a triumvirate, composed of Montanelli, Mazzini, 

 and Guerrazzi. They at first governed in the 

 name of the Grand Duke, but, as he pro: 

 against this, they determined to proclaim a re- 

 public, and a constituent assembly was or- 

 ganized, and the Florentine republic was pre- 

 paring to unite with the Koman republic when 

 the battle of Xovara changed the face of affairs. 

 Guerrazzi was proclaimed dictator, and Mon- 

 tanelli hastened to France to raise a legion of 

 troops and to secure the aid of Louis Napoleon, 

 but on his arrival found him determined to in- 

 terfere on behalf of the reactionary move- 

 ment. The Grand Duke was restored, and 

 Montanelli remained an exile in Paris, and re- 

 lieved the tedium of his banishment by writing 

 tragedies for Madame Ristori, and, after a time, 

 his " Recollections." which met with a large 

 sale, and were translated into several languages. 

 After the new revolution in Italy, Montanelli 

 lost caste with his Italian friends and admirers 

 by^his strenuous advocacy of a confederation 

 of States rather than a United Kingdom of 

 Italy. His views on this subject seem to have 

 been the result of a conviction that, under the 

 complications which existed, this was the only 

 future possible for Italy, and not, as was 

 charged by some, the effect of imperial in- 

 fluence. 



June 17. CAX>TXG, Rt. Hon. CHABLES JOHN. 

 (See CA.ITSTSG). 



June 27. BBFCE, Hon. ROBEBT, Maj.-Gen., 

 governor of the Prince of "Wales, died 

 James's Palace, aged forty-nine years. He was 

 the second son of Thomas, seventh earl of El- 

 gin ; entered the guards at the age of seven- 

 teen ; was military secretary to his brother, 

 Lord Elgin, in Jamaica, from 1841 to 1847. and 

 again, in Canada, from 1847 to 1854, when he 

 returned to England, and was for a short tune 

 surveyor general of the ordnance. In 1858 

 he accepted the appointment of governor to 

 the Prince of "Wales, and in that capacity at- 

 tended His Royal Highness upon his tour to 

 Canada and the United States in 1860, and dur- 

 ing his residence in the two universities from 

 1859 to 1861. On his return from a tour with 

 the prince to the East he contracted a fever 

 which terminated fatally. His public and pri- 

 vate life alike evinced his thorough qualification 

 for the important and responsible trust he held. 



June 29. LIXDSAT, JAMES B.. an eminent 

 linguist, died at Dundee, aged sixty-two years. 

 He was a native of Carmylie, and studied at 

 the University of St. Andrews for the ministry, 



