756 



SLAVES. 



NOMH^TION OF INSTRUCTORS AND MANAGERS. 



To Hiram Barney, Esq., Collector of the Port of New 

 York. 



NEW YORK, ,186 . 



Sin : On the nomination of , I, the undersigned, 



do hereby recommend as suitable persons to 



receive your permit to proceed to Port Royal, in the 

 State of South Carolina, for the purpose of assisting 

 in the instruction and management of the negroes 

 within the lines of the United States army, at Port 

 Eoyal and its vicinity. 



Respectfully, yours, 



PERMIT OF THE COLLECTOR FOB KEEPING OF COTTON. 



CUSTOM HOUSE, NEW YORK, COLLECTOR'S J 

 OFFICE, , 186 . f 



In pursuance of authority vested in me by the Sec- 

 retary of the Treasury, I, Hiram Barney, Collector of 



the Port of New York, do hereby permit i 



to proceed from the city of New \ ork to Port Royal, 

 in the State of South Carolina, on board of any vessel 

 in the employment of the United States, carrying pas- 

 sengers to the latter place. 



The said proceeds to Port Royal under 



the sanction of the Government of the United States, 

 upon business relating to the collection, safe keeping, 

 and disposition of cotton, rice, and other property 

 abandoned by persons inhabiting any district within 

 the late territorial limits of States declared by proc- 

 lamation of the President to be in insurrection against 

 the United States ; and also upon business relating to 

 the condition and employment of persons of color at 

 Port Royal and its vicinity, lately held to service or 

 labor by the enemies of the United States, and now 

 within the limits and under the military protection of 

 the army of the United States. 



The transportation of the said is to be in 



of the vessel on which he may sail, and it 



will cover all baggage belonging to him; and also 



This permit is given upon the express condition, 

 that the holder is to obey all rules and regulations es- 

 tablished by the Treasury Department, or the military 

 or naval authorities at Port Royal, and its vicinity ; 

 and also all other rules and regulations established by 

 the aforesaid authorities at any and all places he may 

 visit. This permit is to become void if transferred by 

 the holder to any other person, either permanently or 

 temporarily. 



On receiving this permit, the said took 



the oath of allegiance as prescribed by the act of Con- 

 gress. 



For the purpose of identification, and as proof that 

 he receives this permit for the above mentioned pur- 

 pose, and on the above named conditions, the said 

 has written his name hereon. 



In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand 

 the day and year above written. 



Signature of holder. , Collector. 



PERMIT FOR INSTRUCTING NEGROES. 



CUSTOM HOUSE, NEW YORK, COLLECTOR'S ) 

 OFFICE, 186 . \ . 



In pursuance of authority vested in me by the Sec- 

 retary of the Treasury, on the 24th day of February, 

 1862, 1, Hiram Barney, Collector of the Port of New 



York, do hereby permit to proceed as a 



passenger, with his baggage, from the city of New 

 York to Port Royal, in the State of South Carolina, on 

 board of any vessel in the employment of the United 

 States, carrying passengers to the latter place. 



This permit is given upon the express understand- 

 ing and condition, that the said proceeds to Port 



Royal for the purpose of assisting in the instruction 

 and management of the negroes within the lines of the 

 United States army at Port Royal and its vicinity ; and 

 upon the further condition that he shall obey all 

 rules and regulations established by the Treasury De- 

 partment or the military or naval authorities at Port 

 Royal and its vicinity, in regard to said negroes, and 

 the persons engaged in their instruction and man- 



agement; and all other rules and regulations estab- 

 lished by the aforesaid authorities at any and all places 

 which he may visit. This permit is to become void 

 if it is transferred by the holder to any other person, 

 either permanently or temporarily. 



For the purpose of identification, and as a proof 

 that he receives this permit upon the conditions 



above mentioned, the said has appended his name 



hereto. 



On receiving this permit, the said took the 



oath of allegiance as prescribed by act of Congress. 



In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, 

 the day and year first above written. 



Signature of holder. , Collector. 



Several societies undertook to take charge of 

 the matter, and seventy-two persons, farmers, 

 mechanics, physicians, and teachers, were sent 

 out by the Government, receiving each one 

 ration a day from the commissariat, and paid 

 salaries by the affiliated societies. They were 

 " to teach Christianity and civilization to the 

 freed men of the colored race, to imbue them 

 with notions of order, industry, and economy, 

 and self-reliance, and to elevate them in the 

 scale of humanity, by inspiring them with self- 

 respect." The cost of rations to the Govern- 

 ment, a part of which were consumed in this 

 experiment, was estimated at $100,000 per day. 

 Educational associations were formed in Boston 

 and other places, by whom the teachers were 

 procured. On the 2d of June, the Agent, E. L. 

 Pierce, made a report to the Secretary of the 

 Treasury, Mr. Chase, in which he stated that 

 seventy men, and sixteen women, were engaged 

 in missionary work among the negroes, under 

 the auspices of the Treasury Department. 

 The number of plantations under the care of 

 these persons was 189, having on them 9,050 

 Africans, classified as follows: 309 mechanics 

 and house servants, 693 old, sickly, and unable 

 to work, 3,619 children, not useful for field 

 labor, 4,429 field hands, of whom 3,202 were 

 full hands, 295 three-quarter hands, 597 half 

 hands, and 335 quarter hands. The amount 

 of labor performed was as follows : 



"The aggregate result makes (adding the negro 

 patches to the cornfields of the plantations) 8,314.12 

 acres of provisions (corn, potatoes, &c.) planted, 

 5,489.11 acres of cotton planted in all, 13,795.23 

 acres of provisions and cotton planted. Adding to 

 these the 2,394 acres of late corn, to a great extent for 

 fodder, cowpens, Ac., to be planted, and the crop of 

 this year presents a total of 16,189.2 acres. The crops 

 are growing, and are ia good condition." 



" The sum of $5,479 nas been distributed among 

 4,030 negroes in payment for labor on the plantations. 

 The rate is $1 per acre for cotton." 



After the novelty had passed away very little 

 was accomplished by the slaves. A report in 

 September, makes the effective hands 3,817, 

 non-effective 3,110; acres of corn, 6,444, po- 

 tatoes, 1,407, cotton, 3,384 which was con- 

 sidered more than enough for their own sup- 

 port, but not sufficient to reimburse the Gov- 

 ernment. The whole experiment finally failed, 

 and was abandoned by order of Gen. Hunter, 

 and the negroes fell upon the Government for 

 support. 



The following order, issued by the Command- 

 ing General, would indicate that the moral state 



