TERRITORIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



their large yield of ore containing a heavy per- 

 centage of silver and some gold, and to these 

 have been added the Monterey, Simpson's Park, 

 Rerse river, and numerous other leads equally 

 valuable. The yield of several of these is from 

 $335 to $1,093 worth of silver to each ton of 

 ore, besides a small percentage of gold. The 

 Territorial Government subscribed liberally to 

 the Central Pacific Railroad to be constructed 

 from Sacramento to Washoe, and to form a 

 part of the line of the great Pacific Railway. 

 The boundary line between Nevada and Cali- 

 fornia had never been carefully run, aiid the at- 

 tempt to define it led to some difficulty and 

 collision, although the governors of California 

 and Nevada endeavored to come to an amicable 

 agreement in regard to it. 



UTAH. This Territory was organized in 

 1850. Its capital is Great Salt Lake City. Its 

 area is 120,000 square miles, and its estimated 

 population in 1862, 79,193, of whom about 

 20,000 are Indians ; fully 50,000 of the whites are 

 Mormons, or, as they term themselves, mem- 

 bers of the " Church of Jesus Christ of the 

 Latter Day Saints." The Territorial governor 

 is Stephen S. Harding, and the Territorial sec- 

 retary, Frank Fuller, both residing at Great 

 Salt Lake City. The principal topic of inter- 

 est in Utah during the year has been the or- 

 ganization by the citizens of the Territory of a 

 State Government, and their urgent request to 

 be admitted into the Union. On the 20th of 

 January a convention, called in accordance 

 with a resolution of the Territorial Legislature, 

 met, and, on the 23d of January, had reported 

 a State constitution, in its provisions essen- 

 tially similar to those of most of the States. 

 On the 3d of March the constitution was sub- 

 mitted to the people for ratification, and at the 

 same time an election for State officers and 

 member of Congress took place. The name 

 of the State was to be " Deseret." The con- 

 stitution was adopted by a vote of 9,879. 

 Brigham Young was elected governor, re- 

 ceiving 9,980 votes (the whole number cast), 

 Heber 0. Kimball, lieut.-governor, receiving 

 9,880 votes, and John Bernhisel (delegate from 

 the Territory in the 37th Congress) represent- 

 ative in Congress, receiving 9,862 votes. The 

 entire board of State officers and the State 

 Legislature, elected at the same time, were 

 Mormons, and bound to support the Mormon 

 creed and practices, while the head of the Mor- 

 mon Church was elected their chief magistrate. 

 Senators were elected by the Legislature, which 

 commenced its session April 14. Congress did 

 not take action on their application during the 

 session further than to refer it to the proper 

 committee. A law "to punish and prevent 

 polygamy" was passed by Congress, July 1, 

 1862, which was evidently intended for Utah, 

 and a strip of land, the whole length of the 

 Territory, and one degree in width, was taken 

 from Utah, and annexed to Nevada. These 

 measures did not please the authorities of Des- 

 eret, and loud threats were uttered in public 



and private by the leaders of what they would 

 do unless the State should be admitted without 

 restriction. On the second Monday of Decem- 

 ber, 1862, the Territorial Legislature assem- 

 bled, and Gov. Harding sent them a long Mes- 

 sage, in which he avowed his determination to 

 enforce the law of Congress for the punish- 

 ment of polygamy, and discussed in very free 

 and decided terms some of the derelictions of 

 the Legislature and citizens of the Territory. 

 There was manifested on both sides a consider- 

 able bitterness of feeling, which might at any 

 time result in an outbreak. The 37th Congress 

 did not at its third and final session admit the 

 State of Deseret, and there were indications in 

 the spring of 1863 of a collision between the 

 Territorial and State authorities. 



COLORADO. This Territory, like Nevada 

 and Dakota, was organized in March, 1861. 

 Its capital is Denver City. Its area is about 

 100,000 square miles, and its estimated popula- 

 tion in 1862 was about 70,000, of whom about 

 6,000 were tribal Indians. The Territorial gov- 

 ernor is John Evans, and the Territorial secre- 

 tary Samuel H. Elbert. The official residence 

 of both is at Denver City. At the election, 

 on the 1st Tuesday of October, Hiram P. Ben- 

 net, republican, was elected delegate to Con- 

 gress by a plurality vote, receiving 3,655 votes, 

 while "William Gilpin, also republican, had 



2,312, and Francisco, democrat, 2,754. 



Colorado has raised for the war two regiments 

 of cavalry, one of infantry, and a battery of 

 artillery, besides a volunteer militia force or- 

 ganized at home to repel anticipated inva- 

 sions from the Indians. The inhabitants of 

 Colorado have shown themselves thoroughly 

 loyal throughout the war. The gold mines of 

 Colorado are very rich, and of a peculiar char- 

 acter, the gold being mostly deposited in con- 

 nection with pyrites (sulphuret of iron, in a 

 rotten quartz,) and these deposits grows richer 

 the deeper they are mined. The gold raised 

 in the Territory in 1862 amounted to about 

 $12,000,000, and could have been easily doubled 

 with a sufficiency of labor and machinery. On 

 the western slopes of the Snowy Mountains 

 there are extensive silver deposits, as vrell 

 as some gold mines ; lead and quicksilver ores 

 of great extent and value have also been dis- 

 covered in the Territory, and immense beds of 

 coal of good quality near Denver City an im- 

 portant discovery, as the proposed route of the 

 Pacific Railro'ad is directly past these coal beds, 

 which will furnish the needed fuel, the want 

 of which has hitherto been the greatest diffi- 

 culty apprehended in the working of that gigan- 

 tic enterprise. 



INDIAN TERRITORY. Under the head of Kan- 

 sas the only incidents of interest in connection 

 with this Territory, those relating to the ex- 

 pedition of the force of Gen. Blunt, have been 

 mentioned. The capital of the Indian Terri- 

 tory is Tahlequah. The Territory contains 

 65,171 square miles, and had in 1860 a popula- 

 tion of Indians and negroes of 65,380 persons. 



