VERMONT. 





ly advocated, and other plans for relief to the 

 country, were the most important of the k-.^is- 

 lative measures of his administration, li 



us measures to prevent American aid to 

 the Canadian insurrection of 1838, better known 

 as the Patriot "VTar. In 1840 he was a candi- 

 date for reelection, but was defeated by Gen. 

 Harrison, the embarrassments of the people 

 being attributed to the party whose standard 

 bearer he was. In 1848 he was nominated as 

 the candidate of the "Free Democracy," whose 

 motto was the '' Xon-extension of Slavery to 

 the Territories,'' for the Presidency, in oppo- 

 sition to Gen. Cass, who was the candidate of 

 the regular democrats, and to Gen. Taylor, the 

 candidate of the whig party. Gen. Taylor was 

 elected in consequence of this division of his 

 opponents. In 1853-1855 Mr. Van Buren made 

 an extensive tour in Europe. For a more full 

 account of Mr. Van Buren's political career and 

 history see vol. xvi. Xe\v American Cyclopaedia, 

 p. 15. art. VAX BUEEX, MAP.TIX. 



VERMONT, the only State of the Union 

 which has remained nearly stationary in popu- 

 lation during the ten years ending June, 1860, 

 is saved from an actual loss by only one third 

 of one per cent. The actual increase of the 

 population during that period was 978. (See 

 UXITED STATES. ) 



The elections in the State take place annually 

 on the 1st Tuesday of September. In 1862 the 

 State officers and Legislature and members of 

 Congress were elected. The voters of the State 

 were divided into two parties, the republican 

 and the democratic. A convention of delegates 

 from the former was held at Montpelier, on the 

 9th of July, and nominated, for reelection, as 

 governor, Francis Holbrook ; for lieutenant 

 governor, Paul Dillingham ; for treasurer, J. 

 G. Page. The first and last were republicans, 

 the second a democrat. The views of the con- 

 vent : on were expressed by the adoption of 

 resolutions " in favor of the confiscation of the 

 slaves and property of rebels, urging the speedy 

 and effectual suppression of the rebellion, ap- 

 proving the general policy of the national Ad- 

 ministration, and pledging Vermont to furnish 

 men and money to the last extent of her ability ; 

 tendering hearty thanks to the brave and pa- 

 triotic soldiers in the field, and thanking Gov- 

 ernor Holbrook for" the prompt manner in 

 which he tendered to the President Vermont's 

 quota of 300,000 additional soldiers. 



" Another resolution, accepting certain spe- 

 cial acts of President Lincoln as pledges that 

 the Government has cut itself free from all 

 complicity with slavery, was, after an animated 

 debate, adopted with but few dissenting voices.'' 



A convention of delegates from the demo- 

 cratic party was subsequently held, which 

 nominated for governor Benj. H. Smalley ; 

 lieutenant governor, E. A. Chapin; State treas- 

 urer, George Washburn. The views of the 

 convention were expressed by the following 

 resolutions, which were unanimously adopted : 

 Evolved, That in the present distracted state of our 



national affairs, and having continued confidence in 



the national and c i-rineiplfs au.J pi 



of the democratic party, \vu rt-cunn. 



the preservation of the democratic organization as one 



of the methods of patriotically saving the com, 



JRaofadj That it is the duty of every citizen in the 

 present national crisis to sup'port the'Government in 

 all constitutional efforts to subdue the existing rebel- 

 lion and vindicate the authority of the Constitution 

 over the whole country. 



Resolved, That while we regret the existence of four 

 or five millions of negroes in this countrv as slaves, 

 we are unwilling to sacrifice the Constitution and the 

 Union, or the interests of the white race, for the fan- 

 cied or real grievances of the black race. 



Jtesohfd, That the abolition and radical opinions of 

 a portion of the people of the North have been largely 

 productive of the present war and national difficulties, 

 and we record our hearty condemnation of the action 

 of that class of our citizens in Congress or elsewhere. 



The votes of the electors for 1862 were given 

 as follows : republican, 30,032 ; democratic, 

 3,724. The majority of President Lincoln in 

 1860 over all others was 22,970. The Legisla- 

 ture elected was without any party division. It 

 convened on the second Thursday in October. 

 The message of the governor thus describes the 

 political views of the people of the State : 



It is an occasion for renewed congratulation that the 

 people of Vermont have again shown their devotion to 

 the cause of the Union by laying aside, almost unani- 

 mously, all considerations of a partisan character and 

 uniting in earnest support of the national Government, 

 which is charged with the high duty of defending and 

 maintaining that sacred cause. The position of^Ver- 

 rnont in this great life-struggle of the nation can nei- 

 ther be questioned nor misunderstood. The blood of 

 her sons has reddened many battle-fields, and their 

 valor and endurance have vindicated her historical 

 renown. Her people admit no thought of concession 

 to or compromise with the causeless and wicked re- 

 bellion now striking at the vitals of the nation, and 

 their determination is fixed to endure and fight and 

 sacrifice till the Government established by the wisdom, 

 the patriotism, and blood of our fathers i's restored in 

 its beneficent and rightful sway over every portion of 

 our Union. 



The receipts into the State treasury for the 

 year ending September 1, 1862. were" $1.442.- 

 509, and the disbursements $1,218.250. leaving 

 a balance in the treasury of $224.250. The 

 liabilities of the State on September 1 were 

 $1.164,977, and the resources $552,868, of 

 which S234.9S3 is a balance due from the 

 United States. The indebtedness of the State 

 in excess of its resources is funded in State 

 bonds, payable in ten years from June 1, 1860. 

 The expenses of the ensuing year were esti- 

 mated at si. 334,839. 



Solomon Foot was reflected by the Legis- 

 lature as senator in Congress, and L. P. Polard 

 was reflected chief justice of the State. 



The number of men sent to the army previous 

 to the call in July for 300,000 men was lo. 

 In answer to the call of July 4.164 volunteered, 

 and in answer to the call for nine months' men 

 4.777 volunteered. The entire quota of the 

 State was completed without a draft. 



There are three colleges in the State, two 

 theological schools, and three medical schools. 



The number of academies in the State i- 

 of private and select schools 292. The num- 



