802 



WAKLEY, THOMAS. 



act shall not take effect until after the proclamation of 

 the President of the United States hereinafter provid- 

 ed for. 



It being represented to Congress that since the con- 

 vention of the twenty-sixth of November, eighteen 

 hundred and sixty -one, that framed and proposed the 

 Constitution for the said State of West Virginia, the 

 people thereof have expressed a wish to change the 

 seventh section of the eleventh article of said Consti- 

 tution by striking out the same and inserting the fol- 

 lowing in its place, viz. : " The children of slaves born 

 within the limits of this State after the fourth day of 

 July, eighteen hundred and sixty -three, sh.ill be free; 

 and that all slaves within the said State who shall, at 

 the time aforesaid, be under the age of ten years, shall 

 be free when they arrive at the age of twenty-one 

 years ; and all slaves over ten and under twenty-one 

 years, shall be free when they arrive at the age of 

 twenty-five years; and no slave shall be permitted to 

 come into the State for permanent residence therein : " 

 Therefore, 



SEC. 2. Be it further enacted, That whenever the 

 people of West Virginia shall, through their said con- 

 vention, and by a vote to be taken at an election to be 

 held within the limits of the said State, at such time as 

 the convention may provide, make and ratify the 

 change aforesaid, and properly certify the same under 

 the hand of the President of the Convention, it shall 

 be lawful for the President of the United States to is- 

 sue his proclamation stating the fact, and thereupon 

 this act shall take effect and be in force from and after 

 sixty days from the date of said proclamation. 



Approved, Dec. 31, 1862. 



These conditions were subsequently com- 

 plied with by the citizens, and the President 

 of the United States issued his proclamation 

 accordingly : 



The following is a provision of the Constitu- 

 tion of the United States : 



New States may be admitted by the Congress into 

 this Union ; but no new States shall be formed or 

 erected within the jurisdiction of any other State, 

 nor any State be formed by the junction of two or 



more States, or parts of States, without the consent of 

 the Legislatures of the States concerned, as well as of 

 the Congress. 



The following is the population of the coun- 

 ties embraced in this new State according to 

 the census of 1860: 



The officers of Western Virginia, at the 

 close of the year, were Francis H. Pierpont, 

 governor ; Daniel Paisley, lieutenant-governor ; 

 Lucian A. Hugans, secretary ; Campbell Tarr, 

 treasurer. 



On the 1st of November, 1862, these coun- 

 ties had furnished to the Federal army sixteen 

 regiments of infantry, three regiments of cav- 

 alry, and one of artillery, or nearly 20.000 

 men. 



WAKLEY, THOMAS, coroner for Middlesex, 

 born in 1795, at South Devon, England, died at 

 Madeira, whither he went for the benefit of 

 his health, May 16, 1862. His earliest tastes 

 were for the sea, and at ten years of age he 

 took a voyage to Calcutta as a midshipman. 

 Upon his return he relinquished his profession 

 at his father's urgent request, and resolved to 

 study medicine. With this object in view he 

 went to a school at Wiveliscombe, and was 

 subsequently apprenticed to an apothecary at 

 Taunton. In 1815 he went to London to com- 

 plete his medical training, and to attend Sir 

 Astley Cooper's lectures on surgery at Guy's 

 Hospital. In less than eighteen months after 

 entering the hospital he passed his examination 

 at the College of Surgeons, though he con- 

 tinued to attend the borough hospitals for two 

 or three years after, and then settled in Argyle 

 Street, London, in which locality he practised 

 for about three years. In 1823 he retired from 

 practice, and devoted himself to the establish- 

 ment of the " Lancet," a medical journal, with 



which his name has been associated for nearly 

 forty years. At the time of the establishment 

 of the "Lancet" no clinical lectures were de- 

 livered in any of the London hospitals, nor 

 were the cases of interest reported. The lec- 

 tures at the medical schools were confined to 

 the theories of disease and treatment, and the 

 medical students had little opportunity of form- 

 ing a practical acquaintance with the diagnosis 

 and treatment of the medical and surgical cases 

 they would meet in practice. Mr. Wakley de- 

 termined to effect a reform in these particulars, 

 and he commenced reporting the lectures of the 

 most eminent professors of medicine and sur- 

 gery, and the clinical instruction and hospital 

 cases, with the consent of the lecturers when 

 he could obtain it, and without it when he 

 could not. This led to much opposition ; he 

 was several times prosecuted for reporting lec- 

 tures, and, in one instance, removed by police- 

 men from the amphitheatre, but in every case 

 he eventually obtained decisions in his favor. 

 He also effected other reforms in the manage- 



