AGRICULTURE. 



3 



This reduction in the amount of this important 

 crop was not, however, uniform throughout the 

 wheat-growing States; Vermont, Connecticut, 

 Michigan, Iowa, Minnesota, and Nebraska pro- 

 duced larger crops than in any previous year 

 since 1860, and Maine, New Hampshire, New 

 York, and Wisconsin, reported a larger yield 

 than in 1864. The principal falling off was in 

 Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, and the loss in these 

 three States as compared with 1862 and 1864, 

 will appear from the following tahle : 



The reduction it will be observed in these 

 three States is about 27,500,000 bushels from 

 the crop of 1862, and of over 20,000,000 from 

 the crop of 1864. Illinois is still the leading 

 wheat-growing State, but "Wisconsin has passed 

 all its other competitors and ranks second in 

 the list, while Ohio ranks third, and Michigan 

 fourth. 



The Bye crop, a far less important one than 

 the wheat, is a trifle and but a trifle below that 

 of last year. Its range during the past six 

 years has been limited, as the following table 

 will show : 



Rye crop in 1860 18,793,198 bushels. 



" 1862 21,239,451 " 



" 1863 20,782,782 " 



" 1S64 19,872,975 " 



" 1865 19,543,905 " 



The principal rye-growing States, in the order 

 of their production, are, Pennsylvania, New 

 York, New Jersey, Wisconsin, Illinois, Connec- 

 ticut, and Ohio. No other States produced in 

 1865 a half million of bushels. 



The Barley crop is not a large one, but com- 

 pares favorably with that of former years, having 

 been exceeded only in 1862, and then only 

 about 1,100,000 bushels. The following table 

 shows the production of the past few years : 



Barley crop in 1860 10,926,765 bushels. 



" ' 1862 -.12,488,022 



" 1863 11,368.155 " 



" 1864 10,632,178 " 



" 1865 11,391,286 " 



Nearly two-fifths of the whole barley crop is 

 produced in the State of New York, while the 

 greater part of the remainder is raised in Ohio, 

 Illinois, Wisconsin, Maine, Pennsylvania, and 

 Iowa. 



The Oat crop of 1865 was largely in excess 

 of any former year, as will appear from the 

 following table : 



Oats produced in 1860 151,290.980 bushels. 



" 1862 171,463,405 " 



" 1863 173,800,575 " 



* 1864 176,690,064 " 



" 1S65 235,252,295 " 



The excess over the crop 1864, it will be 

 seen, is about 48,500,000 bushels, and over 



that of 1862, nearly 54,000,000 bushels.. ID 

 this crop New York takes the lead, its produc- 

 tion being 48,675.090 bushels, and Pennsylvania 

 follows with 46,571,661 bushels. The other 

 principal oat-growing States are, in the order 

 of their production, Illinois, Ohio, Wisconsin, 

 Iowa, Indiana, Michigan, New Jersey, Mary- 

 land, Kentucky, Vermont, Minnesota, Missouri, 

 Connecticut, and Maine. 



The Hay crop was also very large, exceed- 

 ing by nearly 5,500,000 tons the crop of 

 1864, and by more than 3,000,000 that of any 

 preceding year, as the following table will 

 show : 



Hay crop of I860... .. .18,723,022 tons. 



" 1862 20,257,968 " 



1S63 19,736,847 " 



" 1864 18,116,751 " 



" 1865 28,538,740 " 



In this crop New York leads largely, producing 

 considerably more than one-fifth of the entire 

 crop. Illinois, Pennsylvania, and Ohio come 

 next, and Maine, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, 

 Iowa, Vermont, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, 

 Connecticut, Missouri, and New Jersey, follow 

 in order. The production of hay by the other 

 States is comparatively small. 



The Corn crop of the Northern States was a 

 very large one, 22.7 per cent above the average. 

 The amount raised in the Southern /States was 

 also large, but its amount is not readily ascer- 

 tained. The following statistics show the amount 

 of this crop in twenty-two States and territories, 

 the States lately in rebellion and those on the 

 Pacific coast not being given for want of com- 

 plete statistics. The crop of 1865 is estimated 

 from the returns to the Agricultural Depart- 

 ment: 



Corn crop in 1862 586,226,305 bushels. 



" 1863 451,967.959 " 



" 1864 530.58i;403 " 



" 1865 642,729,247 " 



In this crop Illinois takes the lead, producing 

 nearly one-fourth of the entire crop ; Indiana 

 follows, and then in their order, Ohio, Iowa, 

 Kentucky, Missouri, Pennsylvania, New York, 

 Michigan, Maryland, Wisconsin, and New Jer- 

 sey. Adding the crop in the Southern States, 

 and the aggregate production of corn for the 

 year cannot fall much, if at all, short of 900,- 

 000,000 bushels. 



The Cotton crop of 1865 was larger than 

 that of 1863 or 1864, though in some sections 

 it was materially affected by the rain and worms, 

 and much of it was planted very late owing to 

 the continuance of the war in the early months 

 of the year, and the necessity of the corn crop 

 for the subsistence of the people. The amount 

 given can as yet be only approximately ascer- 

 tainexl, but probably falls but little short of one 

 million bales. Eleven or twelve hundred thou- 

 sand bales of the crops of former years also 

 remained over, so that the supply of cotton in 

 the country at the beginning of 1866, was about 

 one-half the amount of the crops of 1860, or 

 of 1859. 



The Tobacco crop was a fair average, except 



