186 



COMMERCIAL INTERCOURSE. 



tho territory of an enemy, and to twenty-five per 

 cent, upon the purchases of cotton, are removed. 



All provisions of the internal revenue law will be 

 carried into effect under the proper officers. 

 [L, s.j In witness whereof I have hereunto set my 

 hand, and caused the seal of the United States 

 to be affixed. Done at the city of Washington, 

 this, the -22d day of May, in the year of our Lord 

 one thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, and 

 of the independence of the United States of 

 America the eighty-ninth. 



ANDREW JOHNSON. 

 By order of the President : 



W. HCXTER, Assistant Secretary of State. 



Again, on June 13th, the President issued 

 another proclamation declaring that all restric- 

 tions upon internal, domestic, and coastwise 

 intercourse and trade, and upon removal of 

 products of States declared in insurrection, re- 

 serving and excepting only those contraband 

 of war, and those relating to the restoration of 

 right of the United States to property pur- 

 chased in the territory of an enemy and im- 

 ported, were removed, and that on July 1st all 

 restrictions on foreign commerce with the 

 Southern ports, with the exceptions aforesaid, 

 would be removed. 



The proclamation also contained the follow- 

 ing respecting the State of Tennessee : 



I hereby also proclaim and declare that the insur- 

 rection, as far as it relates to and within the State of 

 Tennessee, and the inhabitants of the said State of 

 Tennessee as reorganized and constituted under their 

 recently adopted constitution and reorganization and 

 accepted by them, is suppressed, and therefore also 

 that all disabilities and disqualifications attaching to 

 said State and the inhabitants thereof consequent 

 upon any proclamations issued by virtue of the fifth 

 section of the act entitled " An act further to provide 

 for collection of duties on imports and for other pur- 

 poses," approved the 13th day of July, 1861, are re- 

 moved ; but nothing herein contained shall be con- 

 sidered or construed as in anywise changing or im- 

 pairing any of the penalties and forfeitures for treason 

 heretofore incurred under the laws of the United 

 States, or any of the provisions, restrictions, or disa- 

 bilities set forth in my proclamation, bearing date 

 the 29th day of May, 1865, or as impairing existing 

 regulations for the suspension of habeas corpus and 

 the exercise of military law in cases where it shall be 

 necessary for the general public safety and welfare 

 during the existing insurrection. Nor shall this 

 proclamation affect, or in any way impair, any laws 

 heretofore passed by Congress and duly approved by 

 the President, or any proclamation or orders issued 

 by him during the aforesaid insurrection abolishing 

 slavery, whether of persons or property, but on the 

 contrary all such laws and proclamations heretofore 

 made or issued are expressly saved and declared to 

 be in full force and virtue. 



Again, on June 24th, the President issued 

 another proclamation removing all restrictions 

 from the trade of States or parts of States west 

 of the Mississippi, excepting so far as they were 

 retained in Southern States east of the Mis- 

 sissippi, and officers of customs alone were re- 

 quired to exercise supervision. 



These repeated proclamations having ren- 

 dered nugatory in whole or in part the previous 

 regulations issued by the Secretary of tho 

 Treasury, a new series was prepared. These 

 declared all restrictions, except as aforesaid, to 

 be removed, anM gave to the officers of the cus- 



toms all supervision to prevent the shipment 

 of the prohibited articles. The other subordi- 

 nate officers acting under the previous regula- 

 tions were discharged. Agents to purchase 

 products on Government account were required 

 to close their business and send forward their 

 resignations. Instructions of similar effect were 

 given to all persons acting under previous regu- 

 lations except the usual officers of the customs. 

 On August 29th the President issued his final 

 proclamation, removing all restrictions, as fol- 

 lows: 



Whereas, By my proclamation of the ISth and 24th 

 of June, 1865, removing restrictions in part upon 

 internal domestic and coastwise intercourse and trade 

 with those States recently declared in insurrection, 

 certain articles were excepted from the effect of said 

 proclamation as contraband of war ; and 



Whereas, The necessity for restricting trade in said 

 articles has now in a great measure ceased, it is 

 hereby ordered that on and after the first day of Sep- 

 tember, 1865, all restrictions aforesaid be removed, 

 so that the articles declared by the said proclamations 

 to be contraband of war may be imported into and 

 sold in said States, subject only to such regulations 

 as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe. 



In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand 

 and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. 



Done at the City of Washington, this 29th day of 

 August, in the year of our Lord 1865, and of the Inde- 

 pendence of the United States the 90th. 



ANDEEW JOHNSON. 



By the President, 



WM. H. SEWARD, Secretary of State. 



This proclamation restored the commercial 

 intercourse between the several States to tho 

 freedom which existed before the war. 



In July an International Trade Convention 

 assembled at Detroit. It consisted of four hun- 

 dred members, and its deliberations were con- 

 fined principally to subjects relating to the com- 

 merce of the States lying directly upon the 

 great lakes, reciprocity, and the Niagara ship- 

 canal. A Committee on Agriculture and Man- 

 ufactures presented a series of resolutions, which 

 were adopted, declaring that for the purpose of 

 securing a permanent recompense to American 

 labor and its products, as well as from financial 

 necessity, " a discrimination in favor of these 

 productions upon which American labor depends 

 for its present prosperity, should be exercised 

 by the Government when imposing duties upon 

 foreign imports, because when human industry 

 and labor languish, its ability to respond to the 

 excise demands must be correspondingly im- 

 paired." 



The Convention also recommended that the 

 State of New York should at once proceed to 

 enlarge her canals to such capacity as to allow 

 the passage of ships, and adjust the tolls in favor 

 of Western products. The Transit Committee 

 declared in thetr^report that the annual increase 

 of the productions of the States bordering upon 

 and tributary to the northern lakes had exceeded 

 the capacity of transportation of all' avenues to 

 the Atlantic, and that the canals and various 

 lines of railroads to and from those lakes "are 

 wholly inadequate to the demand of the in- 

 creased and rapidly growing commerce." Henca 



