826 EASTLAKE, CHARLES L. 



bombard, and if possible pass Fort Sumter. It 

 failed, one of the iron-clads being sunk and 

 others disabled, and the brave admiral did not 

 feel warranted in renewing the attack. The 

 Secretary of the Navy deeming him distrustful 

 of the iron-dads of the Monitor type, removed 

 him from the command of the squadron, but 

 his successor, with a larger fleet and an efficient 

 cooperative land force, was no more successful. 

 On the 16th of July, 1862, while in command 

 of the squadron, Capt. Du Pont was made a 

 rear-admiral, ranking second in the list. After 

 his withdrawal from the South Atlantic squad- 

 ron he held no active command, but served, as 

 occasion required, on naval commissions and 

 courts-martial. He had been active in the gen- 



eral improvement of the navy during all his 

 period of service ; had assisted in the organi- 

 zation of the Naval Academy, and was a mem- 

 ber of the Light House Board ; had twice aided 

 in revising the Rules and Regulations of the 

 Navy; was a member of the Naval Retiring 

 Board ; and had at various times contributed 

 important papers on subjects relating to the in- 

 terests of the naval service. Among these one 

 on coast defences has been republished and 

 widely circulated. He was a brave and ac- 

 complished sailor, a fearless and greatly beloved 

 commander, an earnest, sincere, and consistent 

 Christian. His death was occasioned by a sud- 

 den attack of quincy, a disease to which he had 

 been for some years subject 



E 



EASTLAKE, Sir CHARLES LOOK, Knight, 

 D.C.L., LL.D., an English painter, president 

 of the Royal Academy, London, born in 1793, 

 at Plymouth, England, died at Florence, Italy, 

 December 24, 1856. He began the pursuit 

 of his artistic studies at an early age under 

 Fuseli at the Royal Academy, of which insti- 

 tution he was made president in 1850, having 

 given evidence of great proficiency in his art 

 by a variety of pictures, of which his " Christ 

 Weeping over Jerusalem," "Escape ofFrancesco 

 di Carrara," " Pilgrims arriving in sight of 

 Rome," "Christ blessing little Children," "Ha- 

 gar and Ishmael," and the "Raising of Jairus's 

 Daughter," are the best. Among his early 

 paintings may be mentioned an interesting por- 

 trait of Napoleon L, as he appeared on board 

 the Bellerophon, and the most famous of his 

 poetical pictures is an illustration of a passage 

 in Byron's "Dream." Having spent several 

 years in Italy and Greece, he exhibited, in 1823, 

 at the Royal Gallery, views of the bridge and 

 castle of St. Angelo, and other pictures illus- 

 trative of Italian life. In 1827 he was elected 

 an associate of the Royal Academy, and in 1830 

 he attained the rank of Royal Academician. 

 About this time he began to devote himself 

 more especially to religious subjects. In 1841 

 he was appointed to the office of Secretary to 

 the Royal Commission of Fine Arts, and in 1843 

 Keeper of the National Gallery. In 1855 Sir 

 Charles Eastlake was appointed Director of the 

 National Gallery. His appointment seems to 

 have left him but little leisure for art, as he has 

 produced but few pictures from his easel for 

 some time past. He did, however, find time 

 to cultivate the literature of the fine arts, a field 

 of labor most congenial to his tastes, and in 

 which his reputation will be more lasting than 

 from his paintiags. His notes to " Kugler's Hand- 

 books of Painting," which were translated by 

 Lady Eastlake, are very valuable. His " Con- 

 tributions to the Literature of the Fine Arts," 

 and his ? Materials for a History of Oil Paint- 

 ing," are works of such great utility and merit 



as to excite our regrets that their author had 

 not lived to complete the comprehensive work 

 of which they form so admirable a beginning. 

 Like the late Count Cavonr, Sir Charles fell a 

 victim to professional prejudice in the adoption 

 of a merciless course of blood-letting, which 

 so completely prostrated him as to destroy the 

 power of taking nourishment. 



ECUADOR, a Republic in South America. 

 President (1865 to 1869), Geronimo Carrion. 

 There are three ministerial departments, two 

 of which were, in 1865, filled by Manuel Busta- 

 mente, who was regarded as the actual ruler 

 of Ecuador. He is a statesman of decided con- 

 servative views. Minister of the United States 

 near the Government of Ecuador, Friedrich 

 Hassaureck (appointed in 1861). The repub- 

 lic is divided into three departments : Guay- 

 aquil, Quito, and Assuay; having together an 

 area of 240,000 square miles, and 1,040,371 in- 

 habitants, of whom 600,000 are whites. Capi- 

 tal, Quito, with 76,000 inhabitants. Chief port, 

 Guayaquil. Receipts of the Government in 

 1858, 991,750 piastres; expenditures, 1,000,- 

 000 piastres. The republic has neither a stand- 

 ing army nor a fleet. The value of the exports 

 from the port of Guayaquil amounted, in 1864, 

 to 2,953,649 piastres (chief article of export 

 cocoa, 2,023,000 piastres). The number of 

 ships entering the port of Guayaquil was, in 

 1864, about 220. In May, 1865, the chiefs of 

 the Democratic party, Urbina, Franco, and 

 Robles, made a new insurrectionary movement, 

 and succeeded in seizing, in the port of Guay- 

 aquil, a war-steamer of the Government. They 

 defeated the Government troops, under Col. 

 Lara ; but, in June, President Moreno seized a 

 mail-steamer sailing under the British flag, at- 

 tacked and captured the three small steamer* 

 of the insurgents, and put an end to the re- 

 bellion. Twenty of the captured rebels, among 

 them Generals Franco, Marcos, and Robles, 

 were shot. The people of Ecuador deeply 

 sympathized with the republics of Chili and 

 Peru in their struggle against Spain. 



