410 



GREAT BRITAIN". 



number on the rolls during the year was 575,486, 

 and the average number in daily attendance 

 315,108. The annual cost of schooling per head 

 was 1 2. 6<Z.=about $5.50, of which the 

 parents or guardians paid only 2s. 6d. or about 

 60 cents. Of the children 81.60 per cent, were 

 Roman Catholics, and 18.40 per cent. Protes- 

 tants. Normal schools were maintained at an 

 ' annual cost of about 9,000=$45,000. 



III. JUDICIAL STATISTICS of England and 

 Wales. The constabulary force (county and 

 borough police) of England and Wales, at the 

 close of 1864, was 14,793 ; the Metropolitan, 

 dockyard, and city of London police, 3,056. 

 The total expense of the police and constabulary 

 was 1,700,213=$8,500,000 ; of which 1,268,- 

 7l4=$6,343,500,wasforsalariesandpay;125,- 

 764=$629,500 for clothing and accoutrements; 

 78,655 for superan nations and gratuities ; 

 33,931 for horses, harness, and forage ; 36,- 

 067 for allowances and contingencies ; 127,141 

 for station-house charges, etc., and 30,001 for 

 miscellaneous charges. The Metropolitan po- 

 lice (6,682 men) cost 527,248=$2,636,000. 

 The average pay for the whole force, constab- 

 ulary and police, was 55 10*. 6d. per man 

 =$277.60. 



The total number of the dangerous classes at 

 large in England and Wales, in 1864, was 116,- 

 749, of whom 101,303 were over sixteen years of 

 age, and 16,446 under that age ; 65,822 were 

 males, and 50,927 females; 23,298 were known 

 thieves and depredators, of whom 17,650 were 

 males; 3,188 were receivers of stolen goods, of 

 whom 2,560 were males ; 28,094 were prosti- 

 tutes, 1,292 of them under sixteen years of age; 

 30,237 were suspected persons, of whom 24,- 

 664 were males; 31,932 were vagrants and 

 tramps, of whom 21,048 were males. 



The number of prisoners in local prisons 

 (not including debtors and military prisoners), 

 17,346 persons; in convict prisons, 7,975, and 

 in reformatories, 3,186; the total number of 

 persons of the dangerous and criminal classes 

 in England and Wales was 145,256, a decrease 

 of 10,129 from the returns of 1863. In Lon- 

 don there is one criminal for 260 persons ; the 

 towns engaged in the manufacture of small and 

 mixed textile fabrics, such as Norwich, Not- 

 tingham, Derby, Macclesfield, Coventry, New- 

 castle-under-Lyne, and Congleton, have 1 in 

 167; the cotton manufacturing towns, 1 in 

 136 ; the woollen and worsted manufacturing 

 towns, 1 in 120; the hardware manufacturing 

 towns, 1 in 117; the agricultural towns, 1 in 

 110; and the pleasure towns 1 in 79; a de- 

 terioration from the previous year when there 

 was 1 in 81. In these pleasure towns the num- 

 ber of prostitutes reported is 1 to 231 of the 

 population, an increase from the previous year ; 

 the commercial ports have 1 to 220 ; the agri- 

 cultural towns 1 to 284; the towns of mixed 

 textile fabrics 1 to 492 ; the cotton towns 1 to 

 636 ; the metropolis 1 to 860 ; the woollen 

 towns 1 to 634, and the hardware towns 1 to 

 V18. 



During the year the police had information 

 of 51,058 indictable crimes, and 28,734 persons 

 were apprehended, a decrease of 1,153 crimes, 

 and 1,676 apprehensions. Of those appre- 

 hended, 21,704 were males, and 7,030 females. 

 The total number of convictions was 14,726, 

 out of 18,256 committed for trial. 



In the summary proceedings before magis- 

 trates, the number of cases was 440,913, of 

 whom 352,809 were males, and 88,104 females; 

 of these 300,731 (249,484 males, and 51,247 

 females) were convicted, and punished either 

 by fine, imprisonment, or whipping; 100,067 

 were punished for being drunk and disorderly ; 

 43,817 for larceny or attempts to steal; as- 

 saults. 94,374; malicious offences against prop- 

 erty, 19,704; offences against the game-laws, 

 10,117; and vagrants, 29,648. The other of- 

 fences were generally against local laws or cor- 

 poration ordinances, laws relating to servants, 

 apprentices, and masters; violation of license 

 laws, nuisances and offences against health, 

 violations of mutiny, poor law, and weighty 

 and measures acts. The total number of com- 

 mitments to prisons during the year ending 

 March 81, 1865, was 139,286, a decrease of 

 5,933 ; of these 104,373 were males, and 34,913 

 females. There were 45,192 recommittals ; and 

 of the total 1,173 males and 2,802 females had 

 been committed more than ten times; 31,070 

 males and 13,362 females could neither read 

 nor write; 64,830 males and 19,892 females 

 could read a very little, and some of them 

 write very imperfectly; 5,866 males and 854 

 females could read and write well, while 215 

 males and 19 females had had superior instruc- 

 tion, and there were 602 males and 296 females 

 whose education could not be ascertained. 



The number of reformatory schools in 1865 

 was 51, and the offenders in them were 4,349, 

 3,432 males and 917 females, of whom 1,007 

 (797 boys and 210 girls) were admitted during 

 the year; of these 416 boys and 113 girls could 

 neither read nor write, 340 boys and 74 girls 

 could read and write imperfectly, 41 boys and 

 18 girls could read- and write well, and the in- 

 struction received by 5 conld not be ascer- 

 tained. Of the whole 1,007, 68 were under 

 10 years of age, 77 under 11, 128 under 12, 

 190 under 13, 239 under 14, 219 under 15, and 96 

 under 16. The cost of support was 49,563= 

 about $247,500, of which 47,307 was paid by 

 the Government treasury. 



There are 29 industrial schools certified 

 under acts of Parliament, containing during the 

 year 1,027 children under detention as va- 

 grants. These children are all under 14, and 

 56 were under 8 years of age, and 100 under 9. 

 The cost of maintenance wasll,833=toabout 

 $59,000, of which about 2,000 was contributed 

 by the parents. 



IV. VITAL STATISTICS. In England and 

 Wales there were registered in 1864, 789,763 

 births, 10,364 more than the previous year, 

 and the highest number yet reached in Eng- 

 land. Of these 377,583 were males, and 363,- 



