456 



KANSAS. 



All congratulated each other on the issue of 

 their patient labors all expressed the strongest 

 confidence in the future, and they could well 

 say with the utmost truth, ' "We have accom- 

 plished a good and a great work.' " 



The accuracy of some parts of the above ac- 

 count has been questioned by some of the Eng- 

 lish papers of China and Japan, and later re- 

 ports from Japan state that it was even doubted 

 whether the Mikado had really ratified the 

 treaties at all ; but the Governments of Eng- 

 land and France officially announced the fact, 

 and seemed to be determined to enforce, if 

 necessary, the treaties. 



The representatives of the foreign Powers in 

 Japan expected that the opening of the ports of 

 Osaka and Hiogo would prove to be of more 

 consequence than all the other privileges con- 

 ferred by the treaties. Osaka is a very large 

 town, covering a semicircle of nearly ten miles, 

 at the eastern end of the Su-Wo Nad a, or Inland 

 Sea of Japan, and at the mouth of the river 

 Engawa, which runs down from Miaco, the 

 residence of the Mikado. Large white palaces, 

 surrounded with trees, are scattered through it, 

 and the thick line of junks constantly pressing 

 into the river indicates that its trade is already 

 very great. It is the port of Miaco, and by far 

 the largest commercial emporium in Japan; 

 but large vessels would have to anchor a con- 

 siderable way off the shore, and would be ex- 

 posed to the winds blowing up the Inland Sea. 

 There are too many Daimios residing in this 

 city, and the native population is too dense, to 

 render it a desirable place of residence for for- 

 eigners. Hiogo is situated in a small protected 

 bay at the feet of some fine mountains on thq 

 north shore of the Su-Wo Nada, and about 

 twelve miles distant from Osaka. Large vessels 

 can anchor off it, within biscuit-throw of the 



beach ; and were the bay only a little larger 

 few places in the world would be more conven- 

 ient for shipping and transshipping goods. The 

 climate is exceedingly healthy, and the beauti- 

 ful series of sea lakes in the neighborhood will 

 afford fine opportunities for yachting. 



One of the results of the above expedition ia 

 said to have been a more accurate knowledge 

 of the true authority of the Tycoon, who, it is 

 said, is not the, or #, Temporal Emperor of 

 Japan, but a Daimio, who holds an hereditary 

 office and rank, which has been for two hundred 

 years vested in his office. He is almost always 

 a son-in-law of the Mikado, a distinction of 

 which only a few in Japan can boast. Being 

 now able to negotiate on a clear basis, and hav- 

 ing approached so near the capital of Japan, 

 the foreign representatives expect greater sta- 

 bility in trade, as well as general advancement 

 for the future. 



Two new embassies were sent, in 1865, to 

 Europe. The one to France, consisting of six 

 members, was represented by the Paris "Pays" 

 as coming to visit the arsenals, and study the 

 questions relating to the armament and defence 

 of forts, as well as to purchase all that is re- 

 quired for the arsenal which is to be established 

 by the Tycoon at Siraonosaki. The other, sent 

 to England by the Prince of Satsuma, consisted 

 of two officers of high rank, an interpreter, and 

 eleven young men of good family and educa- 

 tion, who are to remain in England for some 

 years, in order to acquire a knowledge of the 

 English language, and an insight into the liter- 

 ature, arts, and sciences which form such im- 

 portant elements in European civilization. For 

 this purpose they were placed in the care of 

 Professor Williamson, of the London Univer- 

 sity, under whose able guidance their studies 

 were at once begun. 



K 



KANSAS. The Legislature of Kansas met 

 on January 12, 1865, and was organized by the 

 choice of Eepublican officers in both branches 

 by large majorities. Samuel J. Crawford was 

 at the same time inaugurated Governor for the 

 term ending in January, 1868, succeeding Thom- 

 as Carney, the previous incumbent of the office. 

 The only elections held during the year were for 

 members of the Legislature, which resulted 

 largely in favor of the Kepublicans. More than 

 half of the successful candidates, it is said, were 

 persons who had served in the late war. In 

 January the Legislature reflected James II. Lane 

 U. S. Senator for six years from March 4, 1865. 



The liabilities of Kansas for the year ending 

 November 30, 1865, were as follows : 



Amount of 7 per cent, bonds $204,000 00 



6 per cent, funding 64.400 00 



7 per cent military 98,00000 



6 per cent bonds, refunding taxes. . . 89,675 00 



Stale warrants outstanding 69,455 92 



Territorial warrants 10,962 11 



Military 6,92069 



Penitentiary bonds 60,000 00 



Total ."$617,413 72 



The resources of the State at the same date 

 were 



Liabilities for the year ending November 80, 1S65, $617,413 79 



Amount of uncollected State tax $101,536 74 



Territorial (uncertain) 71,050 88 



State military expenditures, General 



Government 100,000 00 



Taxes levied for 1S65 216,756 79 



Due from General Government 12,852 00 



Funds in the treasury 26,079 21 



Territorial funds 85 



527,776 42 



Balance of resources $10,862 70 



The State Auditor's estimate of current ex- 

 penses for the year 1866 was $93,738.10. The 

 interest on the public debt and sinking fund, 

 amounting to $43,351.36, added to this, would 

 make an aggregate of $137,089.46 to bo pro- 

 vided for. 



In May, 1865, a census of the State was taken 

 as a basis for a new apportionment. In ah 1 the 

 counties but three, from which complete reports 

 had not been received at the close of the year, 

 the population Avas 135,807 against 100,749 in 



