470 LAMORICIERE, CHRISTOPHE L. L. J. 



Church of Norfolk, Va., where he labored for 

 ten years. He then returned to New Jersey, 

 and was for three years the successful agent of 

 the Board of Domestic Missions. After this he 

 became pastor of the Presbyterian Church, Bur- 

 lington, N. J., and subsequently took charge 



LAUENBURG. 



of the church in Greenwich, "West Jersey. In 

 1860 he removed to Philadelphia and accepted 

 the position of preacher to the benevolent insti- 

 tutions of the city, faithfully discharging the du- 

 ties of his office until failing health compelled 

 him to retire to private life some two years since 



LAMORICIERE, CHRISTOPHE LEON Louis 

 JUCHATTLT DE, Commander-in-Chief of the Papal 

 troops, and Governor-General of Algeria in 

 1845, born at Nantes, February 5, 1806, died 

 at Prouzel, near Amiens, September 10, 1865. 

 He was educated at the Polytechnic school and 

 at Metz, and received his first commission 

 shortly before the revolution of July, 1830. 

 On that event, belonging to a Legitimist family, 

 he at first determined to follow the king into 

 exile, but he changed his mind and remained in 

 Algeria, where he organized the now celebrated 

 corps of Zouaves, to whom he seemed to com- 

 municate his own daring spirit and quick in- 

 telligence. In 1837 he was made colonel, a 

 promotion following, as a natural result, the 

 gallantry displayed at the taking of Constantina. 

 With his own hands he laid the powder bags 

 to the gates, and was severely wounded by the 

 explosion, narrowly escaping the fate of the 

 " engineer 'hoist with his own petard." In 

 1839 he was recalled to Paris, but returned to 

 Africa in the following year; and during his 

 stay shared in no fewer than eighteen cam- 

 paigns. It may be said of him, that every one 

 of his honors and promotions sprang from some 

 brilliant exploit successfully achieved. At the 

 close of his Algerian career he crowned the 

 triumphs of the expedition which he had or- 

 ganized, by hemming in Abd-el-Kader, and 

 compelling that chieftain to surrender to the 

 Due d'Aumale. The political principles or 

 preferences of Gen. Lamoriciere were not 

 strongly marked, but he acted with the Liberal 

 party. Toward the close of Louis Philippe's 

 reign he took his seat in the Chamber of Dep- 

 uties with the Dynastic opposition, and was 

 designated as Minister of War in the Thiers, 

 Mole, or Barrot combinations essayed by the 

 king in his last straggle. On February 24, 

 1848, in the uniform of a colonel in the Nation- 

 al Guard, he tried to stop the insurrection by 

 proclaiming the king's abdication, and the re- 

 gency of the Duchess of Orleans, but the riot- 

 ers would not listen to him ; his horse was 

 killed, he himself was wounded, and he would 

 have lost his life but for the interference of 

 some workmen who rescued him from the fury 

 of their companions. Under the Provisional 

 Government ho was offered the ministry of 

 War, which he refused as well as any command 

 in France. He was elected Representative of 

 the People in the Department of the Sarthe. 

 When the terrible and bloody insurrection of 

 Juno broke out, ho placed himself at the dis- 



posal of his old comrade, Cavaignac, fought 

 against the insurgents, and accepted, June 28th, 

 the post of Minister of War, which he held till 

 December 20, 1848. After the election of 

 Prince Louis Napoleon to the Presidency, Gen. 

 Lamoriciere offered no determined or systematic 

 opposition to the new Government, though he 

 strongly and openly disapproved the policy 

 adopted on Italian affairs, and he continued the 

 consistent supporter of the Republican Con- 

 stitution. At the period of the Russian inter- 

 vention in Hungary in 1849, he accepted a mis- 

 sion from the President to the court of St. 

 Petersburg. In July, 1851, he recorded his 

 vote against the revision of the Constitution ; 

 and in November following voted for the bill 

 which was to place the military force under 

 the control of the Assembly in the event of any 

 attempt against the Constitution. In the coup 

 d'etat of December he was comprised among 

 the eminent men, civilians as well as military 

 who were arrested by order of the new Min 

 ister of the Interior, M. de Morny. From that 

 period till 1857 he chiefly resided in Belgium. 

 In that year the Emperor spontaneously author- 

 ized him to return to France, on the sudden 

 death of one of his children. Being in exile he 

 was debarred from any share in the war against 

 Russia, but he retained his fondness for military 

 life, and offered his services to the Pope on the 

 threatened invasion of the Pontifical territories 

 by the Piedmontese troops under Cialdini in 

 1860. His offer was accepted, and he at once 

 set about raising and organizing a Papal army ; 

 but all his exertions proved futile. He was 

 defeated at Castelfidardo, when tho greater 

 part of his forces, mostly foreigners, surren- 

 dered. He himself escaped with a few horse- 

 men to Ancona; but this city fell into the 

 hands of Gen. Fanti, and Lamoriciere was taken 

 prisoner. Since his liberation ho has lived in 

 retirement. His death resulted from a sudden 

 attack of the gout. 



LAUENBURG, a duchy in Germany. Area, 

 455 square miles. Population, in 1864, of tho 

 duchy, 49,704; of its principal towns, Ratze- 

 burg, Molln, and Lauenbur, 8,298. The 

 religion of the inhabitants is almost exclu- 

 sively Lutheran, 49,652 belonging to that cnvd. 

 Lauenburg, together with Schleswig nnd Hoi- 

 stein, belonged, until 1864, to the King <>f Den- 

 mark. In 1864 it was ceded, at tho treaty of 

 Vienna, to Austria and Prus-ia. In conse- 

 quence of the convention of Gastein (see GAS- 

 TEIN), Austria relinquished its claims to the 



