504 



LITERATURE AND LITERARY PROGRESS IN 1865. 



II. ENGLISH LITBBATUEE FOB THE YEAR 

 1865. Our review of English literature must, 

 for want of space, be brief, and confined to the 

 leading books under each class. In GENERAL 

 HISTOKY, the most noteworthy books were: 

 " A History of the Commonwealth of Florence 

 from the Earliest Independence of the Com- 

 mune to the Fall of the Republic in 1531," by 

 T. Adolphus Trollope, in four volumes, a work 

 of profound research and great merit ; " His- 

 tory of the Rise and Influence of the Spirit of 

 Rationalism in Europe," by "W. E. H. Lecky, 

 if. A., of Trinity College, Dublin, which, as al- 

 ready noticed, was reprinted here by Messrs. 

 Appleton ; a new volume of Mrs. Everett 

 Green's " Calendar of State Papers," illustrating 

 the domestic affairs of the reign of Charles II. ; 

 " Higden's Chronicles and Memorials of Great 

 Britain and Ireland," edited by Mr. Churchill 

 Babington ; Mr. Prendergast's " The Crom- 

 wellian Settlement of Ireland ;" Mr. Edward 

 Burnet Tyler's " Researches into the Early His- 

 *tory of Mankind and the Development of Civil- 

 ization ; " Dr. Ronnie's " British Arms in North 

 China and Japan." Historical works on India 

 and Indian affairs were, as usual, abundant ; 

 Mr. G. O. Trevelyan sketched the history of 

 the Cawnpore Massacre ; Dr. Knighton pub- 

 lished " Elihu Jan's Story ; or, the Private Life 

 of an Eastern Queen," a narrative of the last 

 days of the independence of Oude ; Sir Charles 

 Jackson set forth " A Vindication of Lord Dal- 

 liousie's Indian Administration ; " and the Duke 

 of Argyle published a little volume on " India 

 under Dalhonsie and Canning; " Major Evans 

 Bell has given a politico-historical account of 

 " The Mysore Reversion ; " Captain Hastings 

 Frazer, a sketeh of " Our Faithful Ally, the 

 Xizam ; " and an anonymous writer a " History 

 of the Sect of Maharajas or Vallabhacharyas 

 in "Western India," a body of religious fanatics 

 and shameless sensualists. 



The Rev. Julian E. T. "Woods compiled, in 

 one large volume, " A History of the Discovery 

 and Exploration of Australia; " Mr. "William 

 Howitt described the progress of discovery in 

 Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand ; Mr. 

 Matthew Macfie issued a volume on the history, 

 prospects, and resources of Vancouver's Island 

 and British Columbia ; Viscount >Bury gave a 

 history of the progress of colonization in his 

 " Exodus of the Western Nations ; " Mr. J. B. 

 Ilnrlburt published a work on colonial history, 

 with the title of " Britain and Her Colonies ; " 

 and Mr. Lyons McLeod, an historical sketch of 

 " Madagascar." The history of the Bourbonist 

 reaction in Italy is told by Count Maffei, with 

 reference t6 official documents, in two volumes, 

 entitled "Brigand Life in Italy;" a Greek 

 writer, Mr. Stefanos Xenos, compiled a " Diplo- 

 matic History of the Annexation of the Ionian 

 Islands to the Kingdom of Greece ; " Mr. 

 Americo Palfrey Marras prepared an able essay 

 on "The Secret Fraternities of the Middle 



sity of Ireland, put forth a collection of his lec- 

 tures, under the title of " The Formation of 

 Christendom." 



Among the works devoted to the illustration 

 of particular periods of British history, were 

 a volume edited by Mr. "William Brenchley Rye, 

 Assistant Keeper of the Department of Printed 

 Books in the British Museum, entitled " Eng- 

 ' land as Seen by a Foreigner in the Days of 

 Elizabeth and James I., comprising Translations 

 of the Journals of the Two Dukes of Wurtem- 

 berg in 1592 and 1610; with Extracts from 

 the Travels of Foreign Princes and Others ; " 

 ''Documents from Simancas relating to the Reign 

 of Elizabeth (1558-1568)," translated from the 

 Spanish of Don Tomas Gonzales, and edited by 

 Mr. Spencer Hall, F. S. A., Librarian to the 

 Athenaeum ; " Our British Ancestors," by Mr. 

 Lysons; a " History of the Viceroys of Ireland, 

 with Notices of the Castle of Dublin, and its 

 Chief Occupants in Former Times." Other 

 historical works of interest were the " His- 

 torical Essays " of the late Nassau W. Senior, 

 and those of Mr. Herman Merivale ; " Sketches 

 of General History," by the late James Douglas 

 of Cavers; "Persecution of the Knight Tem- 

 plars," by Anthony O'Neal Haye; "Private 

 History of the Insurrection in Poland in 1863," 

 by II. Sutherland Edwards ; the second and 

 third volumes of Mr. Philip Smith's " History 

 of the "World from the Earliest Records to the 

 Present Time ; " the third volume of Mr. George 

 Rawlinson's "Five Great Monarchies of the 

 Ancient Eastern World ; " Dr. T. H. Dyer's "His- 

 tory of the City of Rome from its Foundation 

 to the End of the Middle Ages " a municipal 

 history, having reference to the structures and 

 monuments of the Imperial Capital, not to its 

 political vicissitudes; Mr. Lionel James Trot- 

 ter's " Sequel to Thornton's History of India; " 

 " Notes on the Battle of Waterloo," etc., with 

 a brief memoir of his life and services, by the 

 late General Sir James Shaw Kennedy, K. C. B., 

 and a " History of the Gipsies," by Walter and 

 James Simson. 



The English works on the war in America 

 were fewer than the previous year ; the prin- 

 cipal were Lieut-Col. Fletcher's "History of 

 the American War ; " Captain Chesney's second 

 volume of " Campaigns in Virginia, Maryland," 

 etc. ; Mr. G. A. Sala's disgraceful " Diary in 

 America in the Midst of War ; " and " Belle 

 Boyd in Camp and Prison," a stupid book, 

 which has nevertheless been republished here. 



In Historical and Collective BiograjyJiy, the 

 works of most importance were the fifth and 

 sixth volumes of Carlyle's " History of Fried- 

 rich II. of Prussia, called Frederick the Great ; " 

 a translation of Napoleon III.'s "Life of Julius 

 Caesar," by Thomas Wright; "Masaniello of 

 Naples," by Mrs. Horace St. John; the third 

 and fourth volumes of Dr. Hook's " Lives of 

 the Archbishops of Canterbury ; " " Studies in 

 Biography," by Mr. Lionel James Trotter; 



Ages;" and Mr. T. W. Allies, Lecturer on the "Biographies of Richard Cobden and Lord 

 Philosophy of History to the Catholic Univer- Palmerston," by Mr. John McGilchrist, " Lives 



