624 



NOETH CAKOLItfA. 



It is confidently believed and expected that the 

 troops of the army and people of North Carolina 

 will cordially unite in an honest endeavor to accom- 

 plish this great end. 



All good and peaceable citizens will be protected 

 and treated with kindness, while those who disturb 

 tne peace or violate the laws will be punished with 

 the severity of martial law. 



The troops will be distributed so as best to secure 

 the interests of the United States Government, and 

 protect the people until civil government can be es- 

 tablished in harmony with the Constitution and laws 

 of the United States. 



The most perfect discipline and good conduct are 

 enjoined upon all officers and soldiers, and cordial 

 support upon all good citizens. 



All who are peaceably disposed are invited to re- 

 turn to their homes, and to resume their industrial 

 pursuits. Such as have been deprived of their ani- 

 mals and wagons by hostile armies will be tempo- 

 rarily supplied, as far as practicable, upofl applica- 

 tion to the nearest Provost Marshal, by loans of 

 captured property in possession of the Quartermas- 

 ters Department. The needy will also be supplied 

 for the time being with subsistence stores from the 

 Commissary Department. 



It will be left to the Judicial Department of the 

 Government to punish those political leaders who 

 are responsible for secession, rebellion, and civil war, 

 with all its horrors. Between the Government of 

 the United States and the people of North Carolina 

 there is peace. 



By command of Major-General SCHOFIELD. 



J. A. CAMPBELL, Assistant Adjutant-General. 



To decide the civil position of the negroes, he 

 at the same time issued the following order : 



General Orders No. 32. 



nEADQ'KS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY or TTTE Onio, I 

 EALEIGH, April 29, 1865. ( 



To remove a doubt which seems to exist in the 

 minds of some of the people of North Carolina, it is 

 hereby declared that bv virtue of the proclamation 

 of the President of the United States, dated January 

 1, 1863, all persons in this State heretofore held as 

 slaves are now free, and that it is the duty of the 

 army to maintain the freedom of such persons. 



It is recommended to former masters of frecdmen 

 to employ them as hired servants, at reasonable wa- 

 ges. And it is recommended to freedmen that when 

 allowed to do so they remain with their former mas- 

 ters, and labor faithfully so long as they shall be 

 treated kindly and paid reasonable wages, or that 

 they immediately seek employment elsewhere in the 

 kind of work to which they are accustomed. It is 

 not well for them to congregate about towns or mil- 

 itary camps. They will not be supported in idleness. 



By command of Major-General SCHOFIELD. 



J. A. CAMPBELL, Assistant Adjutant-General. 



The aspect of affairs in the State now chang- 

 ed almost instantaneously. It was apparent 

 to every mind that North Carolina was des- 

 tined to be, as she had been, a State of the 

 Federal Union. The result was universally ac- 

 quiesced in, and the mass of the people turned 

 their thoughts to the pursuits of industry and 

 peace. Public meetings were held in various 

 counties of the State, at which resolutions ex- 

 pivssing the views of the people were adopted. 

 They generally expressed abhorrence of the 

 assassination of the late President ; requested 

 the President to adopt measures us early as 

 practicable for the restoration of civil law in the 

 State ; and accepted the abolition of slavery as 

 a part of the accomplished situation of affairs. 



(Jeucral Schofield, by his position, was virtu- 



ally Military Governor of the State, and would 

 so continue until the authority at Washington, 

 which alone was recognized as supreme in the 

 State, commanded a change. He therefore 

 issued a further order regulating the relations 

 of the freedmen and whites, as follows : 

 General Orders No. 46. 



HEADQTTABTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAEOLHTA, 

 ARMY OF THB OHIO, RALEIGH, N. C., May 15, 1R65. f 



The following rules are published for'the govern- 

 ment of freedmen in North Carolina until the resto- 

 ration of civil government in the State : 

 _ 1. The common laws governing the domestic rela- 

 tions, such as those giving parents authority arid 

 control over their children, and guardians control 

 over their wards, are in force. The parent's or guar- 

 dian's authority and obligations take the place of 

 those of the former master. 



2. The former masters are constituted the guar- 

 dians of minors, and of the aged and infirm, in the 

 absence of parents or other near relatives capable of 

 supporting them. 



3. Young men and women, under twenty-one years 

 of age, remain under the control of their parents or 

 guardiaus until they become of age, thus aiding to 

 support their parents and younger brothers and sis- 

 ters. 



4. The former masters of freedmen may not turn 

 away the young or the infirm, nor refuse to give 

 them food and shelter; nor may the able-bodied men 

 or women go away from their homes, or live in idle- 

 ness, and Feave their parents, children, or young 

 brothers or sisters to be supported by others. 



5. Persons of age, who are free from any of the 

 obligations referred to above, ore at liberty to find 

 new homes wherever they can obtain proper employ- 

 ment ; but they will not be supported by the Gov- 

 ernment, nor by their former masters, unless they 

 work. 



6. It will be left to the employer and servant to 

 agree upon the wages to be paid ; but freedmen are 

 advised that for the present season they ought to ex- 

 pect only moderate wages, and where their employ- 

 ers cannot pay them money, they ought to be con- 

 tented with a fair share in the crops to be raised. 

 They have gained their personal freedom. By indus- 

 try and good conduct they may rise to independence 

 and wealth. 



'I. All officers, soldiers, and citizens are requested 

 to give publicity to these rules, and to instruct the 

 freed people as to their new rights and obligations. 



8. All officers of the arrny, and of the county 

 police companies, are authorized and required to cor- 

 rect any_ violation of the above rules within their 

 jurisdiction. 



9. Each district commander will appoint a super- 

 intendent of freedmen (a commissioned officer), with 

 such number of assistants (officers and non-commis- 

 sioned officers) as may be necessary, whose duty it 

 will be to take charge of all the freed people in his 

 district who are without homes or proper employ- 

 ment. The superintendents will send back to tbe'ir 

 homes all who have left them in violation of the 

 above rules, and will endeavor to find homes and 

 suitable employment for all others. They will pro- 

 vide suitable camps or quarters for such as cannot 

 be otherwise provided for, and attend to their disci- 

 pline, police, subsistence, etc. 



10. The superintendents will hear all complaints 

 of guardians or wards, and report the facts to their 

 district commanders, who are authorized to dissolve 

 the existing relations of guardian and ward in any 

 case which may seem to require it, and to direct the 

 superintendent to otherwise provide for the wards, 

 in accordance with the above rules. 



By command of Maj.-Gen. SCHOF1ELD. 



J. A. CAMPBELL, Assistant Adjutant-General. 



Public affairs continued under the control of 



