OBITUAEIES, EUROPEAN. 



667 



edition of his valuable Egyptian Museum, by an 

 able Egyptologist, was in forwardness at the 

 time of Ins decease. He acquired in 1856, at 

 Rome, the famous Camuccini collection, tho 

 most valuable gallery which, for many years, 

 has been permitted to leave Italy, consisting of 

 seventy-four paintings, and which are described 

 by Waagen in the supplement to his " Galleries 

 I of Art in Great Britain." Having no issue, the 

 Duke is succeeded by his cousin tho Earl of 

 Beverley. 



Feb. . PACHA, PIH MEHEMET, a negro 

 Turkish admiral, died at Eyoub, Turkey. 



March 17. MATHIEU, M. (de la Drome), a 

 French meteorologist and author, died at Ro- 

 main, France, aged 57 years. He was in early 

 life an ardent politician, and professed the more 

 advanced doctrines of democracy. Some time 

 previous to the Revolution of 1848, he, in con- 

 junction with a few friends of like views, 

 formed at Romain an association to which he 

 gave the name of the Athenee de Belles Lettres, 

 but the ideas promulgated there proving in- 

 compatible with the existing institutions, his 

 conferences were prohibited and the lecture- 

 room shut up. He then founded a journal in 

 which he advocated the socialist doctrines 

 which formed the staple of his teaching in the 

 Athenseum. When the Republic was pro- 

 claimed, the Department of the Drome elected 

 M. Mathieu to the National Assembly, and he 

 was reflected in 1849. On the night of the 

 coup d'etat he was arrested. Banished from 

 France, he first took up his residence in Bel- 

 gium, and subsequently in Chambery, where he 

 gave up politics and devoted himself to science. 

 He invented a musket revolver, and extracted 

 a gas from resin with which he made some ex- 

 periments at Marseilles. The latter portion of 

 his life he turned his attention to the study of 

 meteorology, and the publication of his al- 

 manacs. These had an immense circulation, 

 some of the predictions concerning the weather 

 being so strikingly verified that among the 

 lower classes he was considered a prophet. 



March 20. TROYOIT, COXSTAXTINE, a distin- 

 guished French artist, died in Paris, aged 52 

 years. He was a native of Sevres, studied 

 under Riocreux, exhibited for the first time 

 in 1833, and worked uninterruptedly until 

 worn down by fatigue and over-exertion. He 

 was the rival of Landseer and Rosa Bonheur. 

 His "Bceufs an Labour," "Return from the 

 Farm," and " Starting for Market," will hand 

 down his name to posterity as an animal 

 painter of the first order of merit. He left a 

 large fortune. 



March 24. Kiss, Prof. KARL AUGUST, a 

 German sculptor, died in Berlin, aged 63 years. 

 He was a native of Silesia, and at the age of 

 twenty became a pupil of Ranch at the Academy 

 of Berlin. The group of the Amazon and the 

 Tiger first brought him into notice. Among his 

 other principal works are a statue of Frederic 

 the Great, two of Frederic William III., and St. 

 Michael overthrowing the Dragon. 



March . SCHOTT, Dr. H., Director of the 

 Botanical and Geological Garden at SchCn- 

 brunn, near Vienna, died there. He travelled 

 extensively in the Brazils early in this cen- 

 tury, and had published many sterling works 

 upon those branches of science which he culti 

 vated. 



April 1. PASTA, Madame GITTDITTA, an emi- 

 nent opera-singer, died at her villa near Lake 

 Como, Italy, aged 66 years. A Jewess by birth, 

 her first musical education was derived from 

 the mattre de chapelle of Como Cathedral. At 

 the age of fifteen she became a pupil at the 

 Milan Conservatory of Music, and five or six 

 years later she came out at the Venice and 

 Milan Operas. In 1821 she appeared on the 

 Paris stage, and in the following year she sang 

 at Verona to the members of the Congress. 

 From 1824 to 1830 is generally considered to 

 have been the most brilliant period of her ca- 

 reer. Managers fought and masters composed 

 for her. Bellini composed " Norma " and the 

 "Sonnambula" that she might sing in them, 

 and for her Pacini wrote his " Niobe." Her face 

 was not prepossessing, neither could her voice 

 be compared to that of many other celebrated 

 singers of that time and of the present day; 

 but the sense of the beautiful was so strong 

 within her, so tenacious was her determination 

 to attain to a high position in her art, that it 

 conquered every thing ; and in spite of failures 

 in Italy and France, which embittered the com- 

 mencement of her career, she succeeded in plac- 

 ing herself at the head of that band of illus- 

 trious artists which it is hard to believe will 

 ever be surpassed or even equalled. The ex- 

 tent of her voice was remarkable. In her 

 prime she is said to have had the full range of 

 two and a half octaves. It must be nearly thirty 

 years since she left the stage, but she once after- 

 wards quitted her Como retreat to sing at St. 

 Petersburg, for a very large remuneration. 



April 11. WITHERINGTON, W. F., an Eng- 

 lish painter of much note, died in London, 

 aged 79 years. In 1805 he became a student 

 of the Royal Academy, and in 1811 exhibited 

 at the British Institution a picture of " Tintern 

 Abbey." He became an A. R. A., and in 1830 

 and in the following year exhibited the " Corn- 

 Field." Among his best pictures are some 

 which have figure subjects ; of these " The 

 Hop-Garden," which forms part of the Sheep- 

 shank's gifts, now at South Kensington, is per- 

 haps the best. Among other paintings of note 

 are "The Stepping Stones," "John Gilpin," 

 "Sancho Panza," and "Don Quixote." In 

 1840 he was made R. A. 



April 14. GRESSLT, ARMAKD, a celebrated 

 Swiss geologist, died near Berne, in the 52d 

 year of his age. Born near Laufen, he began 

 to roam about in the mountains and valleys of 

 the Jura almost as soon as he could stand on 

 his feet. At Strasburg, where he went to study 

 medicine, he was present at the meeting of the 

 Geological Congress, and began to love this 

 science, to which he afterward entirely devoted 



