CONGKESS, UNITED STATES (1803). 



99 



the admission of West Virginia, 260 ; reasons, 

 260 ; are not the seceded States still members 

 of the Union? 260; the ordinances of seces- 

 sion took them out, 260 ; how then levy a tax 

 on them ? 260 ; as a war measure, 260 ; we 

 are to treat them simply as provinces to be 

 conquered, 261 ; are these people now citizens 

 of the United States, or are they an indepen- 

 dent nation? 261; belligerents, 261; right to 

 treat them as we would any conquered prov- 

 inces, 261 ; further remarks, 262 ; duty of the 

 Government to protect loyal citizens in seceded 

 States, 262 ; no authority in the Constitution 

 for the appointment of military governors, 

 263 ; object of the present bill to enforce the 

 collection of a tax in the disaffected States, 

 263 ; upon what ground, 263 ; the authority 

 of the National Government binds and covers 

 every inch of the national domain, 263 ; issue 

 of the war depends on the border States, 264 ; 

 cannot execute the Constitution in the seceding 

 States, 264 ; the idea repudiated that it is un- 

 constitutional to annihilate or extirpate the 

 rebels, 264; the State belongs to the loyal 

 citizens if composing only a third or a fourth, 

 264. 



In the House, resolutions relative to public 

 affairs considered, 265. 



In the House, a bill to raise additional sol- 

 diers considered, 268 ; substitute proposed to 

 raise colored troops, 268 ; motion to refer to 

 Committee on Military Affairs, 268 ; it is in- 

 tended to put the African soldier on equality 

 with the white soldier as to the protection 

 which the President could afford them, 268 ; 

 amendment moved, 268 ; what have we heard 

 in this Hall? 269; we have not only to con- 

 quer the rebel country, but to hold it after it 

 is conquered, 269 ; what is the reason for this 

 bill? 269; they are not necessary for the put- 

 ting down of this rebellion, 269 ; their employ- 

 ment will result in a servile war, 270 ; you 

 want to abolish slavery, whether you call it 

 the means of the end, or the end of the means, 

 270 ; right of the Government to take slaves 

 for the army, 270 ; this policy has been dic- 

 tated by necessity rather than by choice, 270 ; 

 course of the Administration, 270 ; object of 

 tliis bill to make final the dissolution of the 

 Union, 271 ; proposes to vest in the President 

 a larger power than was ever vested by Con- 

 gress in the hands of one man, 271 ; financial 

 prospect of this question, 271; the term of 



enlistment, 272 ; object of the war, 272 ; bill 

 as it passed, 272 ; yeas and nays, 273 ; laid 

 aside in the Senate as already provided for, 273. 



In the Senate, the bill for enrolling and 

 drafting the militia considered, 273 ; puts the 

 militia of the States under the control of the 

 President, 273 ; motion to strike out, 273 ; no 

 bill of such fearful import ever introduced be- 

 fore Congress, 273; does not trench in any 

 way on the provisions of the Constitution, 

 274 ; the Constitution makes a difference be- 

 tween the army and navy of the United States 

 and the militia of the United States, 274 ; the 

 power which it is proposed to confer on the 

 President is merely to go into force antecedent 

 to these militiamen becoming a portion of the 

 army, 275 ; the provisions that when drafted 

 a man shall be subject to the articles of war, 

 275 ; precedents, 275 ; other precedents, 275 ; 

 a prevailing opinion that this wan is not being 

 waged for the maintenance of the Constitution 

 and the Union, 276 ; opinion of Judge Story, 

 276 ; the case referred to, 277 ; opinion of 

 Judge Washington, 279 ; opinion of Justice 

 Johnson, 278 ; reasons for the passage of the 

 bill, 278 ; other amendments offered, 279 ; bill 

 passed, 279. 



Same bill considered in the House, 279 ; 

 House asked to pass it without amendment, 

 279 ; chief objections, 279 ; amendments pro- 

 posed, 280 ; further objections, 280 ; turns the 

 militia into a regular army, 280; interferes 

 with the personal liberty of the citizen, 281 ; 

 will this bill increase the efficiency of the na- 

 tional forces? 281; our fathers were jealous 

 of the power of an overshadowing army, 281 ; 

 no power to force soldiers into the army but 

 by means of the militia organizations, 281 ; 

 subjects the entire militia to be brought into 

 service at the pleasure of the President, 282 ; 

 why is this measure called for at this time ? 

 282 ; a confession of incompetency to manage 

 this stupendous war, 282 ; its principles sub- 

 versive of the Constitution, 282 ; the necessity 

 is upon us to pass a bill of this character, 282 ; 

 what power has this Government over the mili- 

 tia ? 283 ; look at the provisions of this bill, 

 283 ; the constitutional power of the Govern- 

 ment to raise armies, 283 ; let Congress retain 

 some power over the army, 284 ; a surrender 

 by Congress of the sovereignty of the States, 

 284 ; it is a beneficent and a benevolent bill, 

 284; its provisions, 284; $300 provision ob- 



