100 



CONGRESS, UNITED STATES (1863). 



jectionable, 285 ; who made the necessity for 

 the bill? 285; a terrible bill, 285 ; the power 

 of Congress to pass it, 285 ; a question to this 

 nation of life and death, 286 ; the policy inau- 

 gurated December, 1861, has been fruitless of 

 good, 286 ; the negro will not save you, 286 ; 

 paper money will not save you, 286 ; you did 

 without this measure, 286 ; the natural result 

 of the policy which this Congress has pursued 

 from very near the commencement of the 

 war, 286 ; pledges of this Congress, 28T ; 

 what has brought this mighty change? 287; 

 what have we seen at this session ? 287 ; why 

 is it that we have every man in the field that 

 we can get voluntarily? 287; why will the 

 people no longer volunteer ? 288 ; if we want 

 to get back the Union, how must we do it, 

 288 ; discouragements of the country and the 

 remedy, 288 ; tweedledum and tweedledee, 

 289; havetwe found abolition necessary for 

 the salvation of the Union ? 289 ; amendment 

 offered and rejected, 289; bill passed, 289; 

 yeas and nays, 289. 



Returned to the Senate, with amendments, 

 290 ; the amendments and the vote on them, 

 290. 



In the Senate, a bill to provide a national 

 currency considered, 290 ; what are its objects 

 and purposes, 290 ; circulation of the existing 

 banks to be withdrawn, 291 ; case of McCul- 

 loch vs. State of Maryland, 291 ; United States 

 has no power to tax a State institution out of 

 existence, 291 ; it establishes corporations in 

 all the States entirely independent of any 

 power of visitation by those States, 291 ; pro- 

 priety of saying that we will be responsible 

 for the ultimate redemption of those bills, 

 291 ; the moment the war ends every man 

 wants his money that he has lent on stocks, 



292 ; why did the United States Bank go 

 down? 292; look at this proposition, 292; 

 you propose to hire those people to go into 

 these associations, 293 ; all there is about it, 



293 ; examples of the operation of the bill, 293 ; 

 the advantage to the United States, 294; illus- 

 trations, 294 ; it is said the Secretary will be- 

 come a dangerous person, 294 ; the bill ignores 

 the great principle that a proper circulation 

 should be convertible into specie, 295 ; it will 

 absorb the existing banking system, 295 ; we 

 must go on with the war on paper money, 295 ; 

 necessity of the Government to take control of 

 the paper currency, 295 ; bill passed, 295 ; yeas 



and nays, 295 ; in the House, the bill considered, 

 295 ; advantages of the measure, 296 ; bill 

 passed, 296 ; yeas and nays, 296 ; the bill, 296. 



In the House, a bill to admit West Virginia 

 considered, 304 ; a bill for the division of an 

 old State, 304 ; the division has not received 

 that assent from the Legislature of Virginia 

 which the Constitution requires, 305 ; policy 

 of the President, 305 ; legitimacy of the 

 "Wheeling Government, 305 ; its history, 305 ; 

 reasons why West Virginia is entitled to ad- 

 mission, 306 ; the theory upon which Virginia 

 is represented in Congress, 806 ; if Virginia is 

 already in the Union, what need of another 

 act to let her in ? 806 ; it is not Virginia, but 

 West Virginia that is being admitted, 306 ; no 

 argument can make stronger the case than the 

 mere statement of the question, 306 ; it is said 

 that Old Virginia no longer exists, and there- 

 fore cannot give consent, 807 ; the Govern- 

 ment at Wheeling is not the Government of 

 Virginia, 807 ; the only question is whether 

 the State of Virginia has consented, 307 ; no- 

 body has given a consent who does not reside 

 in the new State itself, 308 ; but mocking to 

 say the Legislature of Virginia has ever con- 

 sented to this division, 308 ; Governor Letcher 

 is the Governor of Virginia, 308 ; these rebel- 

 lious States are belligerents, and the Constitu- 

 tion has no longer the least effect on them, 

 309 ; conduct of the President, 309 ; proceed- 

 ings take place in virtue of the laws of war, 

 809 ; this bill subverts the principle that the 

 people are the source of all power, 309 ; look 

 at the facts, 309; how did the people vote? 

 810; who constitute the State of Virginia? is 

 the great point in discussion, 310 ; the majori- 

 ty of the people of any State are not the State 

 when they organize treason, 310 ; can a minor- 

 ity, by the treasonable act of a majority, be 

 stripped of their right of protection by the 

 Federal Government ? 311 ; where the majority 

 become rebels, the minority are the State, 311 ; 

 views of Mr. Madison, 311 ; further remarks, 

 811; when the storm of revolution shakes the 

 civil fabric of a State of the Union, the final ar- 

 biter to determine who constitute the Govern- 

 ment of a State is Congress, 312 ; the case of 

 Rhode Island, 312 ; decision of the Supreme 

 Court, 312; bill passed, 313 ; yeas and nays, 

 313. 



In the Senate, a bill t aid the State of Mis- 

 souri in emancipation considered, 313; second 



