186 FEUERBACH, LUDWIG M. 



FEUERBACH, LIJDWIG MARIE. XII. Birth, 

 death, 328; career, 328; his philosophy, 328; 

 works, 329. 



FEVERS AND SEWERS. XII. Men employed 

 in sewers exempt from fevers, 288 ; an inves- 

 tigation made in London, 288 ; statistics, 289. 



FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY. VII. Birth, 301 ; 

 studies, 301 ; labors, 301 ; death, 301. 



FIELD, HENRY M., Mrs. XV. Biographical 

 sketch of, 279. 



FIELD, MAUNSELL B. XV. Biographical 

 sketch of, 279. 



FIELD, RICHARD S. III. Senator from New 

 Jersey, 233 ; on the bill to discharge state pris- 

 oners, etc., 245. 



X. Birth, 287 ; career, 287 ; death, 287. 



FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT. XL Bill to en- 

 force, passed, 145. 



FIGANIERE, CESAR H. S. XL Obituary of, 

 597. 



FILLMORE, ISAAC. XV. Decease of, 585. 



FILLMORE, MILLARD. XIV. Birth, 294; 

 political career, 294; death, 295. 



FL\ANCES OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES. 

 I. Coin and bank circulation in, 309 ; payment 

 of Northern debts forbidden, 310 ; Treasury 

 notes authorized, 310; action of the banks, 

 310; convention of bank-officers, 310; reso- 

 lutions, 310 ; second session, 310 ; resolutions, 

 310; action of the Confederate Congress, 311 ; 

 payments of interest on Southern securities, 

 how to be made, 311 ; cotton and produce 

 loans, 311; form of subscription, 311; issues 

 of paper by the Government, 311 ; failures in 

 1861, 313. 



FINANCES OF THE UNITED STATES. I. Change 

 in the policy of the Government, 295; re- 

 sources and payments of the Federal Govern- 

 ment from its origin to 1861, 295 ; effect of 

 the war upon the finances, 296 ; loan of June, 

 1861, 296 ; issue of Treasury notes in Decem- 

 ber, 1860, 296 ; bids for loan, 296 ; loan author- 

 ized in February, 1861, 296; revision of the 

 tariff, 296 ; bids for the loan, 296 ; taken, 297; 

 resources of the Treasury, 297; recommen- 

 dations of bank committees, 297 ; struggles of 

 the Government for money, 297 ; war loans of 

 the States, 297 ; sixty-day loan of the Govern- 

 ment, 297; demands of the Secretary upon 

 Congress, 297 ; action of Congress, 298 ; action 

 of the banks of New York, Philadelphia, and 

 Boston, 298; report of the Secretary of the 

 Treasury in December, 299 ; his circular to as- 



FINANCES, UNITED STATES. 



sistant treasurers relative to demand-notes, 

 299 ; order of General Scott to the army, 299 ; 

 estimates of revenue and expenditures for 

 1862, 299; debt at the close of 1860-'61, 300; 

 amounts afterward authorized, 300; taxation, 

 301; table of States, population, debt, valu- 

 ation of property, and tax, 301 ; inequality of 

 the tax, 301 ; table of population and assessed 

 value of real and personal property in the 

 United States, 302 ; table of the true value of 

 do. per census of 1860, 302 ; the change from 

 gold to paper-money, 303; amount of metals 

 in the country, 303 ; rate of money and bills 

 of exchange in New York for 1861, 303; 

 specie movement, 304; receipts, exports, and 

 coinage of California gold, 304 ; bars of Cali- 

 fornia gold, 304 ; value of each bar, 305 ; bul- 

 lion deposits at the assay-office in New York, 

 305 ; operations of the office, 305 ; operations 

 of the mint in Philadelphia, 306 ; coinage, 306 ; 

 shipments of specie from England, 806 ; coin- 

 age of stock-sales during 1861, 307 ; State war 

 loans, 307 ; loan of Indiana, 307 ; loan of New 

 Jersey, 308 ; loan of Massachusetts, 808 ; loan 

 of Connecticut, 308 ; loan of Maine, 808 ; loan 

 of Illinois, 308 ; loan of Michigan, 808 ; loan of 

 Iowa, 308 ; failure to negotiate, 808 ; reason, 

 308; loan of Ohio, 308; loan of New York, 

 308 ; loan of Pennsylvania, 308 ; contributions 

 of cities and towns, 309 ; failures in the Unit- 

 ed States jn 1861, 312; revenue and expendi- 

 ture in 1861, 313. 



II. Condition at the close of 1861, 452; 

 loans, 452 ; views of the Secretary of the Treas- 

 ury, 453 ; drafts on the banks, 453 ; position of 

 the currency, 454 ; public deposits, 454 ; the 

 currency act, 454 ; its effect, 455 ; wants of the 

 Treasury, 455 ; certificates of indebtedness, 

 456 ; regulations respecting, 456 ; effect of the 

 certificates, 456 ; a supplemental act, 457 ; pur- 

 chase of coin, 457; contraction of the cur- 

 rency, 457; public debt, 458; interest paid in 

 specie, 458; certificates of deposit, 459; mu- 

 tilation of notes, 459; rules respecting, 459; 

 exchange of bonds for old demand-notes, 459 ; 

 the tax law, 460 ; stamp revenue in one week, 

 460 ; principle of the law, 460 ; details of taxes, 

 461 ; change of the tariff, 461 ; expansion of 

 paper currency, 461 ; effects, 461 ; disappear- 

 ance of gold and silver, 462 ; shinplasters, 462 ; 

 postage-stamps, 462 ; stamp-currency, 462 ; is- 

 sues of, 462 ; necessities of the Treasury, 463 ; 

 new loan bill, 463 ; resources of the Treasury, 



